不同临床因素对护理实习生压力水平的影响

目的:探讨不同临床因素间护理实习生压力水平。方法:采用分层随机抽样的方法,以2015年4-6月在合肥市医院实习的护理本科实习生为调查对象,自制一般资料调查问卷,调查护理实习生的性别、年龄、生源地、性格、是否独生子女、专业喜爱程度、在校学习成绩等一般资料,护理实习生压力源量表调查护理实习生的压力水平。结果:性格内向的本科护理实习生在患者的情况和监督与评价方面及总均分得分均明显高于性格外向的护理实习生(P<0.01);不同专业喜爱程度本科护理实习生在工作性质与内容和对知识与技能的需求及总均分评分差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05~P<0.01),其中不热爱专业的护理实习生工作性质与内容、对知识与技能的需求及总均分评分均高于热爱专业的护理实习生(P<0.05~P<0.01);不同学习成绩护理本科实习生对知识和技能的需求和教学安排评分差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01和P<0.05),其中学习成绩一般和学习成绩差的护理实习生对知识和技能的需求和教学安排评分均高于学习成绩优秀的护理实习生(P<0.05~P<0.01);而不同性别、年龄、生源地、是否独生子女护理实习生的压力水平总均分以及各项压力源评分差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:不同临床因素护理实习生感受到的压力源存在差异,护理教育者应根据护理实习生的自身特点给予积极的支持和帮助。

The effect of different clinical factors on the stress level of nursing trainees

Objective:To explore the effects of different clinical factors on the stress level of nursing trainees. Methods:The nursing trainees from hospitals in Hefei city from April to June 2015 were selected by stratified random sampling method. The gender, age, origin,character,whether the one-child, professional degree, school grades and other general information in all nursing trainees were investigated using self-made general information questionnaire. The stress levels of all trainees were investigated using the stressor table. Results:The scores of patient′s situation, supervision and evaluation in introverted undergraduate nursing students were higher than those in extroverts nursing students(P<0. 01). The differences of the nature of work and content,demand of knowledge and skill,and total scores in undergraduate nursing trainees with different professional affection were statistically significant(P<0. 01 to P<0. 05), and the nature of work and content, demand of knowledge and skill and total scores in undergraduate nursing trainees without professional affection were higher than those in undergraduate nursing trainees with professional affection(P<0. 01 to P<0. 05). The differences of the scores of the demand of knowledge and skills,and teaching arrangement were statistically significant( P<0. 01 and P<0. 05),and the scores of the demand for knowledge and skills,and teaching arrangement in undergraduate nursing trainees with general and poor grades were higher than those in undergraduate nursing trainees with excellent grade(P<0. 05 to P<0. 01). The differences of the scores of stress level and each stressor in different gender,age,origin and whether the one-child were not statistically significant(P>0. 05). Conclusions:The effects of different clinical factors on different stressors in undergraduate nursing trainees are different. The nursing educators should give the active support and help according to the characteristics of nursing students.