自然流产408例危险因素分析

目的:研究自然流产发生原因及影响因素，为制定防治对策，指导优生优育及妇幼卫生保健提供依据。方法:采用病例对照研究方法，选择408例自然流产者作为病例组，同期选择正常妊娠分娩的产妇461名作对照组，调查可能的危险因素，并进行统计学分析。结果:单因素分析显示，年龄、职业、孕期阴道流血及保胎史、早孕家装史、妊娠期合并症、孕期服叶酸史、孕次、不良妊娠史是自然流产的影响因素（P<0.01）。多因素logistic回归分析显示，年龄、服装职业、化工职业、美容美发业、建筑装潢职业、孕期阴道流血、早孕家装史、早孕服叶酸、生殖道感染、病毒性感冒、其他内外科疾患、孕次、流产次数和不良妊娠史均是自然流产的独立影响因素。结论:高龄、服装职业、化工职业、美容美发职业、建筑装潢职业、孕期阴道流血、早孕家装史、孕期感染、孕次、流产次数和不良妊娠史均是自然流产的独立危险因素，孕期服叶酸是保护因素。

Analysis of the risk factors of spontaneous abortion in 408 cases

Objective:To investigate the causes and influencing factors of spontaneous abortion for providing the basis in formulating the control measures, guiding prepotency and maternal and child health care. Methods:Four hundred and eight patients with spontaneous abortion and 461 puerperas with normal pregnancy and labor were divided into the case group and control group according to the case-control study. The risk factors in two groups were investigated and analyzed. Results:One way ANOVA analysis showed that the age,profession,vaginal bleeding during pregnancy,family history of early pregnancy,pregnancy complications,folic acid application, pregnancy times and history of abnormal pregnancy were the influencing factors of spontaneous abortion(P <0. 01). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that the age, clothing profession, chemical profession, beauty salon profession, building decoration profession,vaginal bleeding during pregnancy, family history of early pregnancy, folic acid use, reproductive tract infection, viral influenza,pregnancy times and history of abnormal pregnancy were the independent factor of spontaneous abortion. Conclusions:The age,clothing profession,chemical profession,beauty salon profession,building decoration profession,vaginal bleeding during pregnancy, family history of early pregnancy,infection during pregnancy,pregnancy times and history of abnormal pregnancy are the independent factors of spontaneous abortion,and the folic acid is a protective factor of spontaneous abortion.