术前短程放疗对于直肠癌根治性切除术手术的安全性影响及远期疗效探讨

目的：观察术前短程放疗在直肠癌根治性切除术中的远期疗效及安全性。方法选取90例直肠癌患者，根据治疗方法的不同分为观察组（n=45）与对照组（n=45）。对照组患者采用直接性切除术治疗，观察组患者先行断层放疗后进行手术治疗，对两组患者的手术一般情况、远期疗效及术后安全性指标进行比较。结果两组患者的术前Ⅰ级和Ⅱ级不良反应发生率、平均手术时间、术中出血量、术后排气时间和平均住院时间比较，差异均无统计学意义（P﹥0.05）；观察组患者的术后并发症发生率低于对照组患者，差异无统计学意义（P﹥0.05）；观察组患者的淋巴结转移率、盆腔局部复发率均低于对照组患者（P﹤0.05），3年生存率优于对照组患者（P﹤0.05）。结论直肠癌根治性切除术前进行短程放疗具有较好的安全性，且患者远期疗效明显优于单纯根治性切除术，具有较好的临床应用价值。

Effects of preoperative short-course radiotherapy on the safety and long-term efficacy of radical resection of rectal carcinoma

Objective To observe the long-term efficacy and safety of preoperative short-course radiotherapy in radi-cal resection of rectal cancer. Method 90 cases of rectal cancer patients were included in the study, and then were strati-fied as study group (n=45) or control group (n=45) as per respective therapy administered. The control group was given upfront radical resection, while the study group was first administered with radiotherapy, and then followed by surgery;The general conditions, long-term efficacy and postoperative safety in the two groups were compared. Result There were no significant differences observed in respect of the incidences of adverse reactions at gradeⅠorⅡ, the average operative time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative time to flatus, and average hospital stay in the two groups (P>0.05);The incidence of postoperative complications in the study group was lower than that in the control group, though the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05);The study group had higher rates of lymph node metastasis and pelvic recurrence than the control group (P<0.05), and longer 3-year survival rate was observed in the study group (P<0.05). Conclusion The preoperative short-course radiotherapy administered before radical resection of rectal cancer is safe, with better long-term efficacy than simple radical surgery, which is clinically applicable.