学校为载体的流动人口结核病健康教育模式研究

目的探讨通过民办学校开展流动人口结核病健康教育模式效果。方法随机选取上海市浦东新区2所民办小学,分别以2所学校的学生家长作为对照组和干预组,对干预组采取综合干预措施。干预前后,通过结核病健康知识、信念和行为问卷调查,评估干预效果。结果基线共调查学生家长611人,其中干预组302人,对照组309人;终末评估时,干预组279人,对照组285人。干预后,干预组结核病知识、信念和行为均好于对照组,其中,知晓"肺结核能传染给别人"的比例达到82.1%,知晓"近距离咳嗽喷嚏能传染肺结核"的比例达到72.4%,知晓"咳嗽"、"咳痰"、"咯血(痰中带血)"这3个结核病主要症状的比例分别达到72.0%、59.5%和64.9%;干预组"认为结核病能治好"的比例提高到50.9%,"吐痰用纸包起来"和"咳嗽喷嚏遮挡"的比例分别提高到62.3%和71.8%,与干预前相比,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论以民办学校为载体进行流动人口肺结核健康教育模式有效,可以明显提高目标人群结核病防治知识水平。

Effect of the model of school-based TB health education among floating population

Objective To explore the effect of the model of TB health education based on non-government school among floating population. Methods 2 non-government schools were selected in Pudong District of Shanghai City by random sampling.The students’ parents from this 2 school were divided into control and intervention groups,respectively.TB health education interventions were implemented to the intervention group.Questionnaire surveys about TB KAP were conducted before and after the intervention. Results 611 students parents were interviewed before intervention,302 were intervention group,309 were control group,while 279 were intervention group and 285 were control group after intervention.After intervention the KAP levels of the intervention group had been significantly improved than control group(P<0.05).In the intervention group,the proportion of those who knew "TB may be transmit" increased to 82.1%;the proportion of those who knew "coughing transmit TB" increased to 72.4%;the proportion of those who knew "cough","phlegm",and "hemoptysis" as main symptoms of TB increased to 72.0%,59.5%,64.9%;the proportion of those who convinced that TB could be cured increased to 50.9%;the proportion of those who didn’t spit or cough everywhere increased to 62.3% and 71.8%,respectively. Conclusion The model of TB health education based on school can significantly improve the tuberculosis knowledge level of floating population.