2006—2009年全国伤害监测农村地区道路交通伤害病例分布特征分析

目的了解我国农村地区道路交通伤害门(急)诊就诊病例的分布特点,为针对性开展农村道路交通伤害预防工作提供基础依据。方法对2006—2009年因伤害首次在全国伤害监测系统农村地区哨点医院门(急)诊就诊的道路交通伤害病例进行描述性分析。结果道路交通伤害是农村地区门(急)诊就诊伤害病例的第2位伤害发生原因。2006—2009年,农村地区共收集有效道路交通伤害病例164 036例,男女性别比分别为2.05∶1,2.06∶1,2.11∶1和2.01∶1;病例构成居前3位的年龄组为30～44岁组(分别为36.95%,35.17%,34.75%和33.21%),15～29岁组(分别为27.73%,27.34%,26.79%和27.45%)和45～64岁组(分别为22.68%,24.52%,25.59%和26.04%)。伤害性质主要为挫伤、擦伤(分别为49.24%,50.38%,51.20%和56.76%)和骨折(分别为21.28%,21.20%,20.15%和18.99%),伤害部位集中在头部(分别为35.45%,35.26%,36.80%和36.56%)和下肢(分别为23.32%,23.84%,23.47%和23.65%),伤害严重程度以轻度为主(分别为58.69%,57.38%,57.29%和61.82%),伤害结局以治疗后回家为主(分别为51.17%,51.33%,50.85%和54.24%)。结论 2006—2009年农村地区道路交通伤害的情况无明显变化。男性青壮年劳动力人群是农村地区道路交通伤害干预的重点人群。

Analysis of road traffic injuries in rural areas from Chinese National Injury Surveillance System,2006-2009

Objective To describe the distribution of road traffic injuries in rural areas,and provide scientific evidence for road traffic injury prevention.Methods Data of road traffic injuries in rural areas was descriptively analyzed from Chinese National Injury Surveillance System(NISS) from 2006 to 2009.Results Road traffic injury was the second leading cause in rural areas.In 2006-2009,164 036 cases of road traffic injuries were reported in rural areas from NISS,the sex ratio of men to women were 2.05∶ 1,2.06∶ 1,2.11∶ 1 and 2.01∶ 1,respectively.The top three high risk age groups in turn were 30 to 44 years old group(36.95%,35.17%,34.75%,33.21%),15 to 29 years old group(27.73%,27.34%,26.79%,27.45%) and 45 to 64 years old group(22.68%,24.52%,25.59%,26.04%).The majority of road traffic injuries were unintentional,and mostly injured position was in head(35.45%,35.26%,36.80%,36.56%) and lower limb(23.32%,23.84%,23.47%,23.65%).The most diagnosis were bruise(49.24%,50.38%,51.20%,56.76%) and fractures(21.28%,21.20%,20.15%,18.99%).The severities of injuries mainly were soft(58.69%,57.38%,57.29 %,61.82%),and mostly patients went home after treatment(51.17%,51.33%,50.85%,54.24%).Conclusion The distribution of road traffic injuries in rural areas was kept stable from 2006 to 2009.Young and middle aged men who are mainly labor force should be the priority population for injury intervention in rural areas.