高龄社区获得性肺炎的细菌学及其耐药性研究

目的探讨高龄社区获得性肺炎的细菌学及其耐药性特点。方法将我院2004年1月—2011年6月收治的高龄社区获得性肺炎患者329例作为试验组,另选取同一时间收治的高龄医院获得性肺炎患者98例作为对照组,对两组患者的致病菌及其耐药性进行分析。结果社区获得性肺炎的致病菌中革兰阴性细菌(G-)为50.6%,革兰阳性细菌(G+)为40.4%,其他为9.0%;医院获得性肺炎患者中G-为60.0%,G+为9.5%,其他为30.5%;两组患者致病菌种类间差异有统计学意义(χ2=33.30,P<0.05)。对两组患者致病菌耐药性分析,结果显示,两组患者致病菌耐药性间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论高龄社区获得性肺炎患者感染致病菌主要为G-,其次为G+及其他病原体,而且社区获得性肺炎患者的致病菌耐药性低于医院获得性肺炎。

Bacteriology and Antibiotic Resistance of Community-acquired Pneumonia in Elderly Patients

Objective To investigate the bacteriology and antibiotic resistance of community-acquired pneumonia(CAP) in elderly patients. Methods A total of 329 elderly CAP patients admitted to our hospital between January 2004 and June 2011 were enrolled into the experimental group,and 98 elderly patients admitted during the same period for hospital-acquired pneumonia(HAP) into the control group.The pathogens and their antibiotic resistance were analyzed. Results About 50.6% of CAP were caused by gram-negative bacteria,40.4% by gram-positive bacteria,and 9.0% by other bacteria.Among HAP patients,gram-negative bacteria,gram-positive bacteria,and other bacteria accounted for 60.0%,9.5% and 30.5% of the pathogens,respectively(χ2=33.30,P<0.05).The antibiotic resistance of pathogens in these two groups also showed significant differences(P<0.05). Conclusion The most common pathogen for CAP in elderly patients is gram-negative bacteria,followed by gram-positive bacteria and other pathogens.Meanwhile,CAP pathogens have lower antibiotic resistance than HAP pathogens.