Epidemiology of Chronic Pain in the Latium Region,Italy: A Cross-Sectional Study on the Clinical Characteristics of Patients Attending Pain Clinics |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Sapienza University, Rome, Italy;2. Campo Bio-Medico University, Rome, Italy;3. Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy;4. Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy;5. Dental Clinic, Rome, Italy;6. World Institute of Pain, Winston-Salem, NC, USA;7. National Institute for Health, Migration and Poverty, Rome, Italy;11. Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy;12. AO S. Giovanni-Addolorata Hospital, Rome, Italy;8. District Health ASL/RM3, Rome, Italy;9. University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy;10. Antea Palliative Care Centre, Rome, Italy;71. Cristo Re Hospital, Rome, Italy;112. University of Perugia, Terni, Italy;1. Division of Specialist Nursing, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Krakow University, Krakow, Poland;2. Pediatric Division, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Institute for Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Rabka-Zdroj, Poland;1. Department of Child and Adolescent Health Services, Telemark Hospital, Skien, Norway;2. Division of Nursing, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden;3. Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway;4. Institute of Clinical Medicine, Campus Ahus, University of Oslo, Lørenskog, Norway;6. Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Pain Clinic, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Sweden;5. School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Professions and Departments of Pediatrics, Psychology & Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada;7. University Health Care Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden;11. Faculty of Health, Science, and Technology, Department of Health Sciences, Nursing, Karlstad University, Karlstad, Sweden;1. Institute of Rheumatology, Belgrade, Serbia;2. School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia;3. Neurology Outpatient Clinic Apostolski, Belgrade, Serbia;4. Center for Biochemistry, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia;1. School of Nursing, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada;2. Las Vegas Pain Institute and Medical Center, Las Vegas, Nevada;1. Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany;2. George Institute for Global Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia;3. EMGO+ Institute, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands |
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| Abstract: | In Italy, chronic pain affects more than a quarter of the population, whereas the average European prevalence is 21%. This high prevalence might be due to the high percentage of Italian people who do not receive treatment, even after the passing of law 38/2010 (the right to access pain management in Italy), which created a regional network for the diagnosis and treatment of noncancer chronic pain. Italian epidemiologic studies on chronic pain are scanty, and this observational, multicenter, cross-sectional study is the first to investigate the clinical characteristics of patients who attended the pain management clinics in the Latium Region, Italy, for the management of their noncancer chronic pain. A total of 1,606 patients (mean age 56.8 years, standard deviation ± 11.4), 67% women, were analyzed. Severe pain was present in 54% of the sample. Women experienced pain and had it in two or more sites more often than men (57% vs. 50%, p = .02; and 55.2% vs. 45.9%, p < .001, respectively). Chronic pain was musculoskeletal (45%), mixed (34%), and neuropathic (21%). In more than 60% of the cases, chronic pain was continuous, and in 20% it had lasted for more than 48 months; long-lasting pain was often neuropathic. Low back (33.4%) and lower limbs (28.2%) were the main locations. Severe intensity of pain was statistically significantly associated with female gender (odds ratio [OR] 1.39; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.06-1.84); with International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, codes for chronic pain syndrome (OR 2.14; 95% CI 1.55-2.95); and with continuous pain (OR 2.02; 95% CI 1.54-2.66). Neuropathic pain and mixed pain were significantly associated with number of sites, and a trend seemed to be present (OR 2.11 and 3.02 for 2 and 3 + sites; 95% CI 1.59-2.79 and 2.00-4.55, respectively). |
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