云南省部分地区大米和玉米放射性核素水平调查

目的 调查云南省部分地区大米和玉米放射性核素水平，充实云南地区食品放射性水平基线数据，评估其对居民产生的健康风险。方法 依据国家标准《生物样品中放射性核素的γ能谱分析方法》《高纯锗γ能谱分析通用方法》《食品中放射性物质检验总则》《土壤中放射性核素的γ能谱分析方法》，对云南省20个县（区）大米和玉米样品进行放射性核素检测，对检测结果进行处理与分析。结果 大米样品中²³⁸U、²³²Th、²²⁶Ra、⁴⁰K和¹³⁷Cs活度浓度均值分别为（0.416±0.403）、（0.045±0.034）、（0.030±0.013）、（28.4±18.8）和（0.014±0.019）Bq/kg，玉米样品中²³⁸U、²³²Th、²²⁶Ra、⁴⁰K活度浓度均值分别为（0.308±0.230）、（0.035±0.031）、（0.053±0.072）、（56.8±38.6）Bq/kg，¹³⁷Cs的活度浓度低于探测下限。结论 云南省20个县（区）大米和玉米中²³⁸U、²³²Th、²²⁶Ra、⁴⁰K和¹³⁷Cs的放射性水平均在国家标准正常范围内，食入后不会对居民的健康造成影响。

Radionuclide concentration of rice and corn in some areas of Yunnan province

Objective To investigate the radionuclide concentrations in rice and corn in some areas of Yunnan province, and enrich the baseline data on radioactivity level in food in Yunnan province, and assess the health risks to residents. Methods The samples of rice and corn collected from 20 counties in Yunnan province were determined by using gamma spectrometer under the national standards Gamma Spectrometry Method of Analysing Radionuclides In Biological Samples (GB/T 16145-1995), General Analytical Method of High-Purity Germanium Gamma Spectrometer (GB/T 11713-2015), Examination of Radioactive Materials for Foods-General Principle (GB 14883.1-2016) and Determination of Radionuclides in Soil by Gamma Spectrometry(GB/T11743-2013). The results were compared and evaluated. Results The average activity concentrations in rice were found to be ²³⁸U (0.416±0.403) Bq/kg, ³²Th (0.045±0.034) Bq/kg, ²²⁶Ra (0.030±0.013) Bq/kg, ⁴⁰K (28.4±18.8) Bq/kg and ¹³⁷Cs (0.014±0.019) Bq/kg, respectively, and in corn to be ²³⁸U (0.308±0.230) Bq/kg, ²³²Th (0.035±0.031) Bq/kg, ²²⁶Ra (0.053±0.072) Bq/kg, ⁴⁰K (56.8±38.6) Bq/kg, respectively. The specific activities of the ¹³⁷Cs were lower than the detection lower limit. Conclusions The radionuclide concentration of ²³⁸U, ²³²Th, ²²⁶Ra, ⁴⁰K and ¹³⁷Cs in rice and corn in 20 counties of Yunnan province meets the national standards. The dose burden to the public will not affect human health.