鞍区肿瘤的临床特征与术中解剖研究

目的 探讨鞍区解剖特点及垂体瘤、颅咽管瘤、Rathke囊肿、鞍结节脑膜瘤的临床特征.方法 分析115例鞍区肿瘤手术治疗的病例资料,观察不同肿瘤的临床特点及术中鞍区解剖.结果 垂体瘤为鞍内或鞍上肿瘤,发病率居于鞍区第1位,主要表现为垂体前叶功能障碍、肿瘤部分囊性变;颅咽管瘤发病年龄较小,肿瘤主体在鞍上,多表现为钙化或囊变;Rathke囊肿为主体在鞍内的圆形或椭圆形肿物,边界清楚,肿瘤大小1 cm左右,与周围垂体组织存在较明显边界;鞍结节脑膜瘤以视力障碍为首发症状,鞍结节及其附近蝶骨平台骨质结节状增生为特征.结论 鞍区肿瘤的临床特征各具有特异性,熟悉鞍区解剖结构对鞍区肿瘤切除具有重要意义.

The clinical features of sellar tumors and intraoperative anatomical study

Objective To explore the saddle area anatomical characteristics and pituitary tumors, craniopharyngioma, Rathke cysts, nodules meningiomas saddle clinical features. Methods Analyzed 115 cases of surgical treatment of sellar tumors clinical data, different clinical characteristics of tumors and saddle area intraoperative anatomy. Results pituitary tumor is in- trasellar or suprasellar tumor, The incidence rate in the sellar region first, The main manifestations are anterior pituitary dys- function, Tumor cystic degeneration; Craniopharyngioma younger onset age, The tumor body in the suprasellar, More per- formance for the calcification and cystic degerieration; Rathke cyst as the main body in the sella round or oval mass, clear boundary, about l cm tumor size, There were obvious boundary with the surrounding pituitary tissue; saddle nodules meningio- ma with visual impairment as the first symptom, For the features of tuberculum sellae and sphenoid platform near the bone nod- ular hyperplasia. Conclusion Clinical features of sellar region tumors with specific,Be familiar with the anatomy of sellar re- gion structure has the vital significance to the sellar tumor resection.