应用环孢菌素A制备小鼠免疫缺陷动物模型

目的探讨环孢菌素A制备免疫缺陷动物模型的方法与效果，为中医药防治艾滋病的实验研究提供合适的模型。方法小鼠腹腔注射环孢菌素A，注射量为25mg/kg·d，隔天一次，共3次。通过观察动物的一般症状和脾脏、胸腺、肺组织病理变化，并检测动物脾脏重量指数、胸腺重量指数、外周血CD4^＋、CD8^＋T细胞亚群百分率，综合评价免疫缺陷动物模型。结果与正常对照组比较，动物模型组出现反应迟钝，毛失光泽等一般症状，胸腺重量指数下降，CD4^＋T细胞百分率明显减少，CD8^＋T细胞百分率增高，胸腺组织萎缩、出现局部脂肪变性，肺脏有局灶性肺泡壁增厚、部分肺泡扩大。结论环孢菌素A可以成功诱导以CD4^＋T细胞减少为主要特征的免疫缺陷，可以建立符合HIV主要致病特点的动物模型。

Application of Cyclosporin A for Preparation of Immunodeficiency Mice Model

Objective To investigate the methods and results of preparation of immunodeficiency animal model by using cyclosporine A to treat mice,and to provide a suitable model for the experimental study of AIDS prevention and treatment by Chinese medicine.Methods Mice were injected intraperitoneally with cyclosporin A,25 mg/kg once every two days for three times.Comprehensively evaluate the immunodeficiency animal model by observing the general symptoms of animals,determine the animals' spleen mass index,thymus mass index,the percentage of peripheral blood CD4 ,CD8 T cell subsets,and the histopathological changes of the spleen,thymus,and lung tissues.Results Compared with the control group,animal model group appeared less responsive,shiny hair loss and others in general,the thymus mass index decreased,the percentage of CD4 T cells decreased significantly,the percentage of CD8 T cells increased,pathological observations revealed thymus atrophy associated with partial fatty degeneration,focal lung alveolar wall thickening,with massive bronchial secretions,and some expansion of alveolar.Conclusion Cyclosporin A can successfully induce the immune deficiency characterized by reduction of CD4 T cells,and establish suitable animal model similar to the HIV pathogenesis.