药物涂层支架内血栓形成特点分析

目的 探讨冠状动脉造影证实的药物涂层支架(DES)内血栓形成患者的临床特点.方法 回顾性收集我中心2005年3月至2009年3月冠状动脉造影证实的支架内血栓形成患者的临床情况、造影结果、经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)过程、抗血小板治疗等资料,分析支架内血栓形成特点和治疗及预后情况.结果 20例冠状动脉造影证实的支架血栓形成患者,发生率为 1.03%(20/1946),均表现为ST段抬高性心肌梗死(STEMI),所有患者均为DES[其中18例(90.0%)为西罗莫司及其衍生物涂层支架(SES),2例(10.0%)为紫杉醇涂层支架(PES)].10例(50.0%)为亚急性支架血栓形成,1例(5.0%)为晚期支架血栓形成,9例(45.0%)为极晚期ST;3例(15.0%)再次发生支架血栓形成,1例(5.0%)2支血管同时发生支架血栓形成.所有患者均接受正规的氯吡格雷+阿司匹林抗血小板治疗1年,9例(45.0%)极晚期支架血栓形成均在停用氯吡格雷后发生.12例(60.0%)患者为长支架(支架长度≥30 mm)置入,其中8例(40.0%)患者为串联支架置入;10例(50.0%)亚急性支架血栓形成患者再次PCI时均接受球囊扩张,1例(5.0%)晚期支架血栓形成患者也接受球囊扩张,9例(45.0%)极晚期支架血栓形成患者再次PCI时,5例(25.0%)患者只接受球囊扩张;随访结果显示,2例(10.0%)患者院内死亡,1例(5.0%)患者因反复支架内血栓形成而接受冠状动脉旁路移植术.结论 支架内血栓形成少见,支架内血栓形成常导致STEMI;支架血栓形成与长支架置入和急诊PCI治疗有关;多数支架内血栓形成可通过球囊扩张治疗;某些患者存在多支血管同时、多次发生支架血栓形成的风险.

Abstract：

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics and outcomes of angiographically confirmed drug-eluting stent thrombosis (ST). Methods All the angiographically confirmed ST was enrolled in the study from March 2005 to March 2009. Clinical data, angiographic outcomes, procedures of PCI, and anti-platelet treatment of ST were retrospectively collected. Results Total 20 cases of ST included 18 cases (90.0%) of sirolimus and derives eluting stents and 2 cases (10.0%) of paclitaxel eluting stent. Ten (50.0%) stent thromboses were subacute, 1 (5.0%) were late, and 9 (45.0%) were very late. ST reoccurred in 3 cases and occurred simultaneously in two arteries in 1 case. All the cases presented with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). ST occurred in 16 cases after emergency PCI and 4 cases after selective PCI. Nine late stent thrombosis occurred after clopidogrel cessation. Long stents (stent length ≥ 30 mm) were implanted in 12 cases (60.0%), of which overlap stents were implanted in 8 cases (40.0%).Balloon angioplasty was used in 16 cases (80.0%). The 2 patients died from STEMI during hospitalization and 1 patient accepted coronary artery bypass graft for repetitive ST. Conclusions Angiographically confirmed ST appears rarely, but most frequent ST presents with STEMI. ST is related with long stent implantation and emergency PCI. Balloon angioplasty is frequently used for ST. Some patients have the risk of multiple arteries and repetitive ST.

Characteristics of angiographically confirmed drug-eluting stent thrombosis

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics and outcomes of angiographically confirmed drug-eluting stent thrombosis (ST). Methods All the angiographically confirmed ST was enrolled in the study from March 2005 to March 2009. Clinical data, angiographic outcomes, procedures of PCI, and anti-platelet treatment of ST were retrospectively collected. Results Total 20 cases of ST included 18 cases (90.0%) of sirolimus and derives eluting stents and 2 cases (10.0%) of paclitaxel eluting stent. Ten (50.0%) stent thromboses were subacute, 1 (5.0%) were late, and 9 (45.0%) were very late. ST reoccurred in 3 cases and occurred simultaneously in two arteries in 1 case. All the cases presented with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). ST occurred in 16 cases after emergency PCI and 4 cases after selective PCI. Nine late stent thrombosis occurred after clopidogrel cessation. Long stents (stent length ≥ 30 mm) were implanted in 12 cases (60.0%), of which overlap stents were implanted in 8 cases (40.0%).Balloon angioplasty was used in 16 cases (80.0%). The 2 patients died from STEMI during hospitalization and 1 patient accepted coronary artery bypass graft for repetitive ST. Conclusions Angiographically confirmed ST appears rarely, but most frequent ST presents with STEMI. ST is related with long stent implantation and emergency PCI. Balloon angioplasty is frequently used for ST. Some patients have the risk of multiple arteries and repetitive ST.