中国民航飞行员心血管病可控危险因素的流行病学调查

目的 了解中国民航飞行员心血管病可控危险因素的发生情况,为实施心血管疾病干预措施提供依据.方法 以整群抽样的方法抽取中国民航飞行员进行心血管病可控危险因素的流行病学调查,对不同地区、年龄民航飞行员的高血压、高总胆固醇、高甘油三酯、低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和糖尿病的患病率,吸烟率,超重或肥胖率进行比较.结果 (1)共抽取中国民航飞行员5012名,分析其中资料完整有效者4684名.(2)中国民航飞行员高血压、高总胆固醇、高甘油三酯、低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和糖尿病的患病率依次为8.07%、7.47%、14.45%、27.63%和0.43%,吸烟率为66.45%,超重或肥胖率为49.64%.(3)不同地区民航飞行员高血压、高总胆固醇、高甘油三酯、低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇的患病率,吸烟率,超重或肥胖率差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.01);不同年龄段民航飞行员高血压、高总胆固醇、高甘油三酯患病率,吸烟率,超重或肥胖率差异有统计学意义(P均<0.01),低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇患病率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).(4)具有1个及以上心血管病可控危险因素的民航飞行员占88.96%,具有2个及以上心血管病可控危险因素的民航飞行员占54.46%,无同时具有≥7个心血管病可控危险因素的民航飞行员.不同地区之间具有2个及以上心血管病可控危险因素的飞行员比例差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01);不同年龄之间具有2个及以上心血管病可控危险因素的飞行员比例差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01).结论 中国民航飞行员具有心血管病可控危险因素的比例高,应积极加强对心血管病可控危险因素的干预.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the status of controllable risk factors of cardiovascular disease in Chinese pilots. Methods Pilots in seven regions of China were selected with cluster sampling.The rates of hypertension, diabetes mellitus,smoking and abnormal body mass index(BMI) as well as levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol were obtained. Results (1)A total of 5012 pilots were selected and 4684 pilots whose data were effective were studied.(2) The prevalence rates of hypertension, high total cholesterol, triglyceride, low high density lipoprotein-cholesterol and diabetes mellitus were 8.07%,7.47%,14.45%,27.63% and 0.43%, respectively.The rate of smoking was 66.45%.The rat of increased BMI was 49.64%.(3) Significant difference existed on the rates of hypertension, total cholesterol, triglyceride, low high density lipoprotein-cholesterol,smoking and abnormal BMI among pilots from different regions (all P<0.01).There was also a significant difference between the rates of hypertension, total cholesterol, triglyceride, smoking and abnormal BMI in different age groups (all P<0.01).The rate of low high density lipoprotein-cholesterol was similar in different age groups (P>0.05).(4) 88.96% of the participants had at least one controllable risk factor.54.46% of the participants had at least two controllable risk factors.None of the participants had more than seven risk factors.There was a significant difference between the rates of pilots who have more than two controllable risk factors in different regions (P<0.01).There was a significant difference between the rates of pilots who have more than two risk factors in different age groups(P<0.01). Conclusions There was high prevalence of controllable cardiovascular risk factors in Chinese pilots.Active intervention targeting these cardiovascular disease risk factors needs to be considered to reduce the risk of developing cardiovascular disease in Chinese pilots.

Prevalence and distributing feather of controllable cardiovascular risk factors in Chinese pilots

Objective To investigate the status of controllable risk factors of cardiovascular disease in Chinese pilots. Methods Pilots in seven regions of China were selected with cluster sampling.The rates of hypertension, diabetes mellitus,smoking and abnormal body mass index(BMI) as well as levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol were obtained. Results (1)A total of 5012 pilots were selected and 4684 pilots whose data were effective were studied.(2) The prevalence rates of hypertension, high total cholesterol, triglyceride, low high density lipoprotein-cholesterol and diabetes mellitus were 8.07%,7.47%,14.45%,27.63% and 0.43%, respectively.The rate of smoking was 66.45%.The rat of increased BMI was 49.64%.(3) Significant difference existed on the rates of hypertension, total cholesterol, triglyceride, low high density lipoprotein-cholesterol,smoking and abnormal BMI among pilots from different regions (all P<0.01).There was also a significant difference between the rates of hypertension, total cholesterol, triglyceride, smoking and abnormal BMI in different age groups (all P<0.01).The rate of low high density lipoprotein-cholesterol was similar in different age groups (P>0.05).(4) 88.96% of the participants had at least one controllable risk factor.54.46% of the participants had at least two controllable risk factors.None of the participants had more than seven risk factors.There was a significant difference between the rates of pilots who have more than two controllable risk factors in different regions (P<0.01).There was a significant difference between the rates of pilots who have more than two risk factors in different age groups(P<0.01). Conclusions There was high prevalence of controllable cardiovascular risk factors in Chinese pilots.Active intervention targeting these cardiovascular disease risk factors needs to be considered to reduce the risk of developing cardiovascular disease in Chinese pilots.