血清白喉和破伤风抗体检测方法的建立及应用

目的建立定量检测抗白喉抗体、抗破伤风抗体的酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)方法。方法分别用纯化的白喉类毒素、破伤风类毒素作为包被抗原,白喉、破伤风人源血清抗体标准品作为标准品,对供试品和标准品的剂量反应曲线进行拟合,以平行线法建立定量检测抗白喉抗体(Anti-DT)、抗破伤风抗体(Anti-TT)的ELISA方法。并进行方法学验证和应用研究。结果两种定量检测ELISA方法的验证结果均符合规定。定量检测Anti-DT的ELISA方法的定量限为0.084 mU/mL,回收率为97.6%,批内变异系数(CV)≤3.40%,批间CV≤5.05%;检测Anti-TT方法的定量限为0.175mU/mL,回收率为97.5%,批内CV≤2.42%,批间CV≤5.58%。应用上述两种ELISA方法,对白喉破伤风疫苗用于婴儿基础免疫后的免疫原性进行了检测分析和评价。结论所建立的白喉、破伤风血清抗体ELISA检测方法,准确度高,重复性好,适合于一般实验室开展工作,可用于白喉破伤风疫苗免疫接种后的血清学效果评价和白喉破伤风疾病的流行病学研究。

Establishment and application of serum antibodies detection methods of diphtheria and tetanus

Objective To establish the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methods for the quantitative determination of IgG antibodies against diphtheria (DT) and tetanus (TT).MethodsPurified diphtheria toxiod and tetanus toxoid were respectively used as the coating antigens,the human-derived serum antibody standard substance of DT and TT served as the standard substance.The dose-response curves of the tested samples and standard substance were fitted.Then the two quantitative ELISA methods for determining the antibody to DT (Anti-DT) and antibody to TT (Anti-TT) were established with the parallel lines method.Then the methodological verification and application study were conducted.Results The validation results of the two quantitative ELISA measurement methods were in accordance with the regulations.The quantity limit of ELISA method for quantitative detection of Anti-DT demonstrated to be 0.084 mIU/mL,its average recovery rate was 97.6%.The intra-assay coefficient of variation(CV) and inter-assay CV of this Anti-DT assay were ≤ 3.40% and ≤5.05%,respectively.The quantity limit of ELISA method for quantitative detection of Anti-TT demonstrated to be 0.175 mIU/mL,its average recovery rate was 97.5%.The intra-assay CV and inter-assay CV of this Anti-TT assay were ≤ 2.42% and ≤5.58%,respectively.These two methods were applied for the immunogenicity evaluation after infantile basic immunization by diphtheria and tetanus vaccines.Conclusion The two established quantitative ELISA methods demonstrate high accuracy and good reproducibility,which are suitable for the ordinary laboratory to carry out the work and can be used in the serological effect evaluation after diphtheria and tetanus vaccine immunization and epidemiological study of diphtheria and tetanus disease.