脊髓内部动脉构筑的优化分析

4例新鲜足月胎儿尸体脊髓,经墨汁灌注,厚片透明后,选择Y型的动脉分支314个(颈段91个,胸段125个,腰段98个),同步测量动脉分支管径和夹角,对其进行了优化分析。从实测值和理论值的定性比较图中可以看出,动脉分支的管径和夹角的实测值和理论值是近乎一致的,同时又具有合理的生物学离散特点,从定量角度出发,如果规定实测值与理论值的相对误差低于10％时为优化状态,据此标准较大分支的管径处于优化状态的动脉分支有51％,较小分支的管径处于优化状态的动脉分支有50％,较大分支与母管夹角处于优化状态的有47％,较小分支与母管夹角处于优化状态的有28％,分支总角度处于优化状态的有49％,面积比处于优化状态的有49％。以上结果显示人脊髓内部动脉分支的几何形态也支持有关动脉分支的理论假设,即心血管系统动脉分支的管径和夹角被某些与心血管系统生理机能有关的优化原则所制约。

THE OPTIMALITY ANALYSES OF THE ARTERIAL BRANCHING WITHIN THE HUMAN SPINAL CORD

The branching angles and diameters of blood vessels in 314 arterial bifurcations within the spinal cord of 4 fetuses at full term were measured. The optimality analyses were carried out on the results. In qualitative terms, the measurements of diameter and angles appear to be in good agreement with what is expected on theoretical grounds with a reasonable amount of biological scatter of the data points. In quantitative terms, if we construct a band of only ±10% deviation from each of the optimum curves, these brands would encompass 51% of the data of diameters of larger branch 50% of the smaller branch, 47% of the branch angle made by the larger branch, 28% of the branch angle made by the smaller branch, 45% of the total angle , 49% of the area ratio. In conclusion, the study of the geometry and pattern of arterial branching within the spinal cord give support to the premise that the branching angles and diameters were governed by certain optimality principles relating to the physiological function of the cardiovascular system.