某二甲医院247份抗菌药物不良反应报告回顾性分析

目的 了解某二甲医院抗菌药物不良反应(ADR)报告现状与特点及影响因素,为临床合理使用抗菌药物提供参考.方法 对2010年度已上报国家和省ADR监测中心的247例抗菌药物ADR报告进行回顾性分析和评价.结果 247例抗菌药ADR报告中,18岁及以下未成年人109例(占44.13%),ADR发生率最高(0.51‰),60岁以上患者次之,发生率为0.23‰;涉及药品六大类32种,以β内酰胺类最多(占72.06%),其次为喹诺酮类(占19.84%);给药途径多为静脉滴注(占97.98%);ADR所涉及的系统、器官中皮肤及附件损害最高(占66.79%).结论 加强临床抗菌药物应用管理和ADR监测培训,以未成年人、老年人及过敏体质患者作为ADR监测重点对象;严格掌握抗菌药物用药指征,选择最佳的给药方案、正确的剂量和疗程、适宜的给药途径,加强用药监护,可有效降低或避免某些ADR的发生.

Retrospective analysis of 247 antibiotics-induced ADR reports in a 2A grade hospital

Objective To understand the status,characteristics and influencing factors of the adverse drug reactions(ADR)in 2010 in a 2A crade hospital so as to provide information of the clinical rational drug use.Methods We retrospectively analyzed and evaluated 247 cases of ADR report about antibacterial drug in 2010 which were reported to the state and provincial ADR monitoring center.Results In 247 cases of ADR report about antibiotics,there were 109 cases(44.13%)of 18 years old and younger,having the highest ADR rates(0.51‰),and followed by patients over 60 years old,with an ADR rate of 0.23‰.There were 32 kinds of drug in six categories,of which beta lactam had the highest percentage(72.06%),followed by quinolones(19.84%).Route of administration was mostly intravenous infusion(97.98%).The system and organs ADR involved were mostly the lesion of skin and its appendix(66.79%).Conclusion To strengthen the management of antibacterial drug in clinical application and training of ADR monitoring,and to monitor ADR on the young,elderly and patients with allergy,to strictly control the medication indications of antimicrobial drug,to choose the optimal plan of drug application,the correct dosage,duration of treatment,and the route of drug application,and to strengthen the monitoring of drug application can effectively reduce or avoid the occurrence of some ADRs.