小儿鼾症对颌面骨发育影响的初步观察

目的 探讨小儿鼾症对颌面骨发育的影响,以及手术干预后的效果.方法 选取扁桃体和(或)腺样体切除治疗效果好的2～5岁的鼾症患儿40例,分别于术前和术后1.5～2年进行x线头影测量,并与同年龄的发育正常儿童X线头影测量进行比较(正常埘照组共50例).结果 术前患儿2～3岁组21例X线头影测量结果与同龄17例对照组儿童比较,除舌根后咽腔直径(PAS)、鼻咽腔卣径(UPW-PNS)、下颌平面角(FH-MP)差异无统计学意义(P值均＞0.05),其他测量结果差异均有统计学意义(P值均＜0.05或＜0.01).4～5岁组术前患儿23例与同龄23例对照组儿童比较,除舌根后咽腔直径(PAS)的差异无统计学意义外(P值＞0.05),其他测量结果差异均有统计学意义(P值均＜0.05或＜0.01).术后1.5～2年29例患儿达4～6岁,其头影测茸值与同龄31例对照组儿童比较,除Y轴角差异有统计学意义(P值＜0.05),其他数据差异均无统计学意义(P值均＞0.05).结论 长期的上气道阻塞影响患儿的颌面骨发育,尽早而彻底的手术干预有利于患儿颌面部发育恢复正常.

Effect of snoring on facial growth in children

Objective To evaluate the effect of snoring on facial growth in children and the changes after surgery.Methods Observations on facial growth were taken by X-ray 1.5-2 years before and after surgery on 40 children snorers aged between 2-5 years old,whose tonsils and(or)adenoids were completely removed.The data collected before surgery in the 2-3 years old snorers and in the 4-5 years old ones were compared with the data from healthy children at the same age respectively.Results The comparison of data between 21 children snorers aged from 2-3 and 17 healthy children of the same ages showed that there was no significant difference in the diameter of pharyngeal cavity at tongue base(PAS),the diameter of nasopharyngeal cavity(UPW-PNS) and the angle between andibular plane and frankfort horizontal plane(FH-MP)within 2-3 years group by statistically(P＞0.05).There is no significance in UPW-PNS and FH-MP angle within 4-5 years group by statistics(P＞0.05).Others results is significance in all groups(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).There was no significant difference in all groups expect Y-axis Angle 1.5-2 years after surgery(P＞0.05).Conclusions Abnormal facial growth was caused by the consistent force from the changed way of breathing due to the increasing uarrowness of upper airway obstruction and the long-existing obstructive sleep.Surgery done as soon as possible is helpful to reduce the force caused by the obstruction and helpful to the normal facial growth.