主动脉手术并同期冠状动脉旁路移植术的临床总结

目的总结行主动脉手术同期行冠状动脉旁路移植术的临床经验。方法回顾分析1997年11月至2004年8月,36例同期行主动脉手术和冠状动脉旁路移植术患者的临床资料。36例中,主动脉夹层19例,主动脉瘤17例。年龄(57±12)岁。其中急性A型主动脉夹层10例,术中探查见冠状动脉开口受累7例,冠状动脉为索条状2例,1例在外院行冠状动脉造影检查发现;慢性A型主动脉夹层7例,术中发现冠状动脉开口受累2例,冠状动脉呈索条状3例,术前造影检查发现冠状动脉病变2例;B型主动脉夹层2例;真性主动脉瘤均为术前冠状动脉造影检查发现冠状动脉病变。移植血管共57支,其中动脉6支,静脉51支。结果平均体外循环时间(157±54)m in,心肌阻断时间(98±31)m in。围手术期死亡5例(均为A型主动脉夹层),分别为低心排血量综合征、心源性休克并发多脏器功能衰竭3例,脑疝1例,内脏缺血坏死1例。术后发生并发症2例,发生率为6%,分别为二次开胸止血和呼吸功能衰竭气管切开。结论主动脉夹层累及冠状动脉和冠状动脉本身的病变严重影响预后。对年龄>50岁的主动脉瘤患者,于术前常规行冠状动脉造影检查,行单纯主动脉瘤手术并同期行冠状动脉旁路移植手术安全、可靠。

Clinical experience of simultaneous aortic operation and coronary artery bypass grafting

OBJECTIVE: To summarized the experience of simultaneous aortic operation and coronary artery bypass. METHODS: Between November 1997 and September 2004, thirty-six patients who underwent combined aortic operation and coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) were reviewed with a mean age of (57 +/- 12) years (range 31 to 75). Nineteen patients were suffered from aortic dissection. There were 17 patients of aortic aneurysm, 5 aortic root aneurysm, 5 ascending aortic aneurysm, 4 aortic arch aneurysm, 3 abdominal aneurysm. Preoperational coronary angiography was performed in 1 of 10 acute type A dissection patients. The coronary arteries were involved by dissection in 7 acute type A dissection patients. The artherosclerosis of coronary artery was found during operation in 2 patients. Among 7 patients with chronic type A aortic dissection, coronary angiography was performed in 2, coronary artery was involved by dissection in 2 and coronary arterosclaerosis was founded in 3. There were 2 patients with acute or chronic type B aortic dissection. The stenosis of coronary artery was confirmed by preoperative angiography in the patients with aortic aneurysm. There were 57 coronary bypass grafts, 6 of them were artery grafts, and others were venous grafts. RESULTS: The mean cardiopulmonary bypass time was (157 +/- 54) min, and the mean aortic cross clamp time was (98 +/- 31) min. Five patients with type A aortic dissection died postoperatively, 3 from heart failure leading to multi organ system failure, 1 from cerebral hernia and one from ischemia of intestinal tract. Postoperative complication included reoperation for hemorrhage in 1 patient, respiratory failure in 1 patient. CONCLUSIONS: Type A aortic dissection with coronary involvement or arterosclaerosis is associated with high mortality rate. Coronary artery angiography should be performed in the elder than 50 years patient with aortic aneurysm. Combined aortic aneurysm operation and CABG is a safe procedure.