Excitation functions of natGe(p,xn)71,72,73,74 As reactions up to 100 MeV with a focus on the production of 72 As for medical and 73 As for environmental studies. |
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| Authors: | I Spahn G F Steyn F M Nortier H H Coenen S M Qaim |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Institut für Nuklearchemie, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, D-52425 Jülich, and Abteilung Nuklearchemie, Universität zu Köln, D-50674 Köln, Germany;2. Radionuclide Production, iThemba LABS, Somerset West 7129, South Africa;1. Cyclotron Laboratory, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, B-1090 Brussels, Belgium;2. Institute of Nuclear Research of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-4026 Debrecen, Hungary;1. Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD;2. Department of Oncology, the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center and the Skip Viragh Pancreatic Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD;1. Cyclotron Department - TONA, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium;2. Institute of Physics and Power Engineering (IPPE), Obninsk, Russia;3. NAPC–Nuclear Data Section, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria;4. Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica, Brazil;5. Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), USA;6. CEA, LIST, Laboratoire National Henri Becquerel (LNE-LNHB), France;7. Australian National University (ANU), Canberra, Australia;8. Kyungpook National University, Republic of Korea;9. Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), USA;10. Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan;11. Nuclear Physics Institute, Rez, Czech Republic;12. National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering “Horia Hulubei”, Romania;13. Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), Tokaimura Naka, Ibaraki-ken, Japan;14. Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), Trombay, Mumbai, India;15. University of Surrey, Guildford, UK;p. Institute for Nuclear Research, Debrecen, Hungary;1. Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, United States;2. University of Missouri Research Reactor Center, Columbia, MO 65211, United States |
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| Abstract: | Excitation functions for the formation of the arsenic radionuclides (71)As, (72)As, (73)As and (74)As in the interaction of protons with (nat)Ge were measured from the respective threshold energy up to 100 MeV. The conventional stacked-foil technique was used and the needed thin samples were prepared by sedimentation. Irradiations were done at three cyclotrons: CV 28 and injector of COSY at Forschungszentrum Jülich, and Separate Sector Cyclotron at iThemba LABS, Somerset West. The radioactivity was measured via high-resolution gamma-ray spectrometry. The measured cross section data were compared with the literature data as well as with the nuclear model calculations. In both cases, the results generally agree but there are discrepancies in some areas, the results of nuclear model calculation and some of the literature data being somewhat higher than our data. The integral yields of the four radionuclides were calculated from the measured excitation functions. The beta(+) emitting nuclide (72)As (T(1/2)=26.01 h) can be produced with reasonable radionuclidic purity ((71)As impurity: <10%) over the energy range E(p) = 18-->8 MeV; the yield of 93 MBq/microAh is, however, low. The radionuclide (73)As (T(1/2)=80.30 d), a potentially useful indicator in environmental studies, could be produced with good radionuclidic purity ((74)As impurity: <11%) over the energy range E(p) = 30 --> 18 MeV, provided, a decay time of about 60 days is allowed. Its yield would then correspond to 2.4 MBq/microAh, and GBq amounts could be produced when using a high current target. |
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