儿童不明原因慢性咳嗽的病因与诊断

慢性咳嗽是儿童呼吸系统常见的症状。目前对儿童慢性咳嗽诊断的时间界限尚无统一认识,也没有统一的诊断标准或流程,缺少规范(针对性)的治疗。如能运用一系统而彻底的诊疗程序,大约90%的患儿能得到根治。现对儿童慢性咳嗽的病因、发病机制、诊断等研究进展作一综述,对慢性咳嗽的病因诊断要仔细、谨慎和全面,要重视询问病史和体格检查,根据病史特点选择相关的检查。提高正确诊断率,尽早治疗,改善预后。

Etiology and diagnosis of unknown reason chronic cough in children

Chronic cough is a common respiratory symptom in children. There are no consensuses on time limitation, diagnostic criteria, or pertinent therapy of chronic cough. If there is a systemic and integrated protocol of diagnosis and treatment, about 90 percent of the patients will have a radical cure. The authors reviewed the recent advances on the study of etiology, pathogenesis, and diagnosis of chronic cough in children. The conclusion was that analysis of the pathogenesis in children with chronic cough should be very careful and thorough, attention should be paid to history and physical examination. Laboratory test should be chosen based on the findings of history and physical examination in order to improve the diagnostic rate, and early treatment as well as the prognosis.