高频超声在外毛根鞘囊肿诊断中的价值

目的总结外毛根鞘囊肿特征性高频超声表现,提高超声对外毛根鞘囊肿的诊断正确率。方法从位置、边界、形态、回声、血流等方面回顾性分析经病理证实的36例外毛根鞘囊肿的高频超声表现。结果高频超声显示36例病变均起自真皮层,并下延至皮下软组织层;34 (94.4%)例边界清晰,呈椭圆形;30(83.3%)例病变内部回声呈"靶环"征,表现为周边为低回声或无回声、中心或一侧为相对高回声;22 (61.1%)例病变内有点状或斑块状钙化灶;32 (88.9%)例后方回声增强;34 (94.4%)例病变周边及内部未见血流信号。结论外毛根鞘囊肿的高频超声表现具有一定特征性,密切结合患者病变发生部位、家族史等临床特征,能提高超声对外毛根鞘囊肿的诊断正确率。

The Value of High Frequency Ultrasound in The Diagnosis of Trichilemmal Cyst

Objective To explore the high-frequency sonographic features of trichilemmal cyst and improve the ultrasonographic diagnostic rate.Methods To retrospectively analyze 36 cases of the manifestations of High Frequency Ultrasound of pathologically confirmed trichilemmal cyst,through the aspects of position,margin,morphology,echogenicity,blood flow and so on.Results High-frequency ultrasonography showed that 36 lesions all originated from the dermis and extended to the subcutaneous soft tissue;34 cases(94.4%)had clear boundaries and were in the shape of oval;30 cases(83.3%)had internal echoes with the sign of"target ring":periphery showed hypoechoic or anechoic,while the center or the periphery showed relatively hyperechoic;22 cases(61.1%)had spotty or plaque-like calcification in the nodules;the posterior echo of 32 cases(88.9%)enhanced;34 cases(94.4%)had no signs of blood flow around and within the lesions.Conclusions The high-frequency ultrasonographic manifestations of trichilemmal cyst have certain characteristics,which could be closely combined with the clinical features,such as the location of lesions and patients′family medical history and so on,to improve the diagnostic accuracy of trichilemmal cyst.