Massive Pulmonary Embolism: Treatment with Thrombus Fragmentation and Local Fibrinolysis with Recombinant Human-Tissue Plasminogen Activator |
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Authors: | Klaus Wilhelm Stock Augustinus Ludwig Jacob Karl Jakob Schnabel Georg Bongartz Wolfgang Steinbrich |
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Affiliation: | (1) Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Basel, Petersgraben 4, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland, CH |
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Abstract: | Purpose: To report the results of thrombus fragmentation in combination with local fibrinolysis using recombinant human-tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) in patients with massive pulmonary embolism. Methods: Five patients with massive pulmonary embolism were treated with thrombus fragmentation followed by intrapulmonary injection of rtPA. Clot fragmentation was performed with a guidewire, angiographic catheter, and balloon catheter. Three patients had undergone recent surgery; one of them received a reduced dosage of rtPA. Results: All patients survived and showed clinical improvement with a resultant significant (p < 0.05) decrease in the pulmonary blood pressure (mean systolic pulmonary blood pressure before treatment, 49 mmHg; 4 hr after treatment, 28 mmHg). Angiographic follow-up in three patients revealed a decrease in thrombus material and an increase in pulmonary perfusion. Two patients developed retroperitoneal hematomas requiring transfusion. Conclusion: Clot fragmentation and local fibrinolysis with rtPA was an effective therapy for massive pulmonary embolism. Bleeding at the puncture site was a frequent complication. Received: 0/00/00/Accepted: 0/00/00 |
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Keywords: | : Embolism, pulmonary— Fragmentation, mechanical— Thrombolysis— Interventional procedures |
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