某铬酸盐厂接触铬及其化合物职工铬鼻病的患病情况

目的了解栾城县某铬酸盐厂的职业卫生现状,有效控制由于铬酸盐危害而导致的铬鼻病的发生。方法对该厂铬酸盐粉尘浓度进行检测,对接触铬及其化合物的工人(接触组)和其它岗位的人员(对照组)进行健康检查后比较其铬鼻病的患病率。结果车间铬酸盐粉尘浓度为0.054mg/m3,超过国家规定的车间空气中铬酸盐的最高容许浓度(0.05mg/m3);健康检查接触组和对照组铬鼻病患病率分别为45.6%和22.6%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=13.78,P0.01)。结论某铬酸盐厂的主要职业病危害因素是铬酸盐粉尘,根据其对防尘除尘设施不到位现状,应加大职业卫生监督检查力度,普及职业病防治知识,提高工人对铬鼻病的认识和自我保护能力,保护劳动者的健康。

Prevalence of Chrome Rhinopathy among Workers with Exposure of Chromium and Its Compounds in A Chromate Plant

Objective]To understand the occupational health status of a chromate plant,and effectively control the occurrence of chromium rhinopathy induced by chromate hazards.Methods]Chromate dust concentration in the plant was measured. After health detection on workers with exposure of chromium and its compounds （exposed group） and workers from other positions （control group）,the incidence of chromium rhinopathy among workers in the 2 groups were compared.Results]Chromate dust concentration was 0.054 mg/m3 in workshop,which exceeded the maximum allowable concentration （ 0.05 mg/m3） in workshop according to State regulations; health examination of workers in exposure group and control group showed the difference of chromium rhinopathy was significant（χ2=13.78,P0.01）.Conclusion]The major occupational hazard in the chromate plant was chromate dust. According to the status of inadequate dust-prevention facilities,it is necessary to intensify the occupational health inspection,to popularize knowledge of occupational disease prevention,to increase the awareness and self-protection of chromium rhinopathy among workers,so as to protect the health of workers.