Molecular epidemiology of Coxsackievirus B3 |
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Authors: | Pei-Yu Chu Guan-Ming Ke Yao-Shen Chen Po-Liang Lu Hsiu-Lin Chen Min-Sheng Lee Bao-Chen Chen Tsi-Shu Huang Yu-Chen Li Li-Chiu Chou Sheng-Yu Wang Kuei-Hsiang Lin |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of Pathology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA;2. Department of Pathology and Clinical Laboratories, Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla, NY, USA;3. Philips Research North America, Briarcliff Manor, NY, USA;4. Division of Pediatric Infectious Disease, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA |
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Abstract: | Molecular epidemiological characteristics are needed to understand the impact of Coxsackievirus B3 (CV-B3) infection, since no CV-B3 genotyping literature is available. Twenty-nine CV-B3 Taiwan strains obtained from 1992 to 2005 were analyzed. A phylogenetic tree was constructed based on the 290 nucleotide sequence of the VP1 gene of Taiwan isolates and in 91 other CV-B3 GenBank sequences. Five genotypes (GI-GV) were depicted. The GI, GII, and GIII were dominant in America and Europe, whereas GIV and GV were prevalent in Asia. In Taiwan, a transient outbreak of GIV occurred in 2000, while GV has been the main genotype circulating since 1992. Patient age ranged from 0.1 to 81 months (median, 4.3 months). The male:female ratio was 1.9:1. More than 60% (17/29) of cases involved children younger than 1 year. Half of them contracted respiratory tract infection (12/24). Nine of the 24 (37.5%) cases with available medical records had central nervous system (CNS) involvement. Eight of the nine patients were younger than 3 months. The CV-B3 has evolved and circulated for the past 60 years. Although the nucleotide sequence of the VP1 is highly variably, amino acids were relatively conserved within the same genotype of CV-B3. CNS infections were not associated with a specific strain or genotype. The CV-B3 poses a significant health threat to children younger than 1 year, especially those younger than 3 months old. |
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