Genotypically distinct strains of Leishmania major display diverse clinical and immunological patterns in BALB/c mice |
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| Authors: | Mohammad Hossein Alimohammadian Haiedeh Darabi Soheila Ajdary Vahid Khaze Ebrahim Torkabadi |
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| Institution: | 1. The Reproductive Centre, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, China;2. SCU-CUHK Joint Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China;3. Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province 610041, China;4. Department of Immunology, College of Pre-clinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, 610041, China;1. Service de dermatologie, hôpital Aristide Le Dantec, 30, avenue Pasteur, BP 3001, Dakar, Sénégal;2. Service de parasitologie-mycologie, faculté de médecine et pharmacie, université Cheikh Anta Diop, BP 5005, Dakar-Fann, Sénégal;1. Instituto de Biopatología y Medicina Regenerativa, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Universidad de Granada, Armilla, Granada, Spain;2. Bacteriología y Laboratorio Clínico, Facultad de Salud, Universidad de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia;3. Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular III e Inmunología, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain;4. Unidad de Gestión Clínica Laboratorios, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada, Granada, Spain;1. Fundación Instituto Valenciano de Infertilidad (FIVI), Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, School of Medicine, Valencia University and Instituto Universitario IVI/INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain;2. Instituto Valenciano Infertilidad (IVI) Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain;3. Instituto Valenciano Infertilidad (IVI) Valencia, Valencia, Spain;4. School of Medicine, Valencia University, Valencia, Spain;5. Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California;1. Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;2. Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran;3. Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;4. Reproductive Immunology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran;5. Immunology Research Center (IRC), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;6. Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;7. Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran;1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kuo General Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan;2. Center for Reproductive Medicine, Kuo General Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan;3. Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kuo General Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan;4. Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan;5. Stemforce Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Chiayi, Taiwan |
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| Abstract: | Infection with Leishmania major species is endemic in many provinces of Iran. Isolates from four endemic areas located in north (Damghan), center (Kashan), west (Dehloran), and south (Shiraz) of country which showed major distinctive polymorphism by RAPD-PCR method were evaluated. Isolates were inoculated to different groups of BALB/c mice and their clinical and immunological status was compared. Lesion size, parasite burden and T cell phenotype in lymph node (LN), and cytokine secretion in the culture of LN mononuclear cells were determined. The results showed the lowest and highest lesion sizes in mice infected by Shiraz strain (3.02 ± 0.52 mm) and Kashan strain (5.20 ± 0.45), respectively, 8 weeks after inoculation. No significant difference was observed between other strains. The parasite burden was significantly lower in lymph node of mice infected with strain of Damghan (1.51 × 107) than Kashan (3.60 × 109) and Shiraz (7.08 × 109) strains, 8 weeks post-infection. However, Dehloran strain showed intermediate load of viable parasites (1.51 × 109) in LN, 8 weeks post-infection. High ratios of IFN-γ/IL-4 were shown in mice inoculated by strain of Dehloran (3.17) and Damghan (2.66), but not in mice infected by other strains, 8 weeks post-infection. The highest and lowest ratios of CD4+/CD8+ T cells were found in LN cells of mice infected with Kashan (1.82) and Dehloran (1.00) strains, respectively. Results indicate that the lowest and intermediate loads of parasites induced by Damghan and Dehloran strains along with higher ratio of IFN-γ/IL-4 produced by both strains in LN of inoculated mice suggest that these strains have the capacity to shift the immune responses to a predominant Th1 response after 8 weeks infection in BALB/c mice and might be the ideal strains for vaccine studies and development of candidate vaccine against leishmaniasis. |
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