Heart rate variability of young men with idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism |
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| Authors: | Necip Ermis Ferhat Deniz Alper Kepez Batuhan Kara Omer Azal Mustafa Kutlu |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Baskent University, Adana Teaching and Medical Research Center, Cardiology Department, 01250 Yuregir, Adana, Turkey;2. Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ankara, Turkey;3. Etimesgut Military Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Ankara, Turkey;4. Etimesgut Military Hospital, Department of Radiology, Ankara, Turkey;1. Dutch Growth Research Foundation, Sophia Children’s Hospital, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands;2. Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, Sophia Children’s Hospital, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands;3. Department of Urology, Sophia Children’s Hospital, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands;4. Department of Pathology, Josephine Nefkens Cancer Institute, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands;1. Division of Reproductive and Developmental Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR 97006, United States;2. Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR 97006, United States;3. Behavioral Sciences Unit, Division of Comparative Medicine, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR 97006, United States;4. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97201, United States;1. INIA, Madrid, Spain;2. Faculty of Veterinary, UAB, Barcelona, Spain;3. Faculty of Veterinary, UCM, Madrid, Spain |
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| Abstract: | BackgroundThere is little data available regarding the effects of male sex hormones on cardiac autonomic function. The aim of this study is to evaluate the association between hormones of male hypothalamo–pitiutary–gonadal axis and cardiac autonomic function by comparing heart rate variability (HRV) parameters of young male idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism patients with those of healthy controls.MethodsThe study consisted of 22 male idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism patients (mean age 20.8 ± 1.2 years) and the same number of age-matched healthy male controls (mean age 21.0 ± 1.5 years). A 24-hour Holter monitoring was performed to assess the time and frequency-domain parameters. The HRV parameters of patients and control groups were compared, and possible associations between levels of tested hormones and HRV parameters were evaluated.ResultsThe standard deviation of all NN intervals (SDNN), standard deviation of the averages of NN intervals in all 5 min segments (SDANN), power in low frequency range (LF, ms²) and power in high frequency range (HF, ms²) values of patients were significantly lower compared to those of controls (147.47 ± 56.16 vs. 193.63 ± 40.89; 138.31 ± 57.64 vs. 190.15 ± 43.94; 397.8 ± 236.7 vs. 491.5 ± 208.4; and 133.6 ± 97.4 vs. 198.5 ± 91.6 respectively; p < 0.05 for all). Significant negative correlations were observed between serum FSH, LH and testosterone levels and most of the HRV parameters.ConclusionsDeficiency in the male hypothalamo–pituitary–gonadal axis seems to adversely affect cardiac autonomic modulation with increased sympathetic and decreased parasympathetic components of HRV. |
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