2016—2019年某医院住院死亡患者疾病构成情况分析

目的探讨某医院近4年死亡患者的疾病构成情况,为疾病防治提供参考。方法提取2016—2019年住院死亡患者病案信息。根据国际疾病分类ICD-10对疾病进行分类,分析死亡患者的年龄、性别、疾病情况。结果2016—2019年全院共死亡2266例患者,病死率0.8%;各年度住院患者人数逐年增加,而病死率逐年下降(P<0.05)。男性死亡患者1431人,女性死亡患者835人,男女比例1.71∶1。顺位排列前5位的依次为肿瘤(30.6%)、循环系统疾病(27.5%)、呼吸系统疾病(17.9%)、损伤中毒原因(10.6%)和消化系统疾病(6.1%),前5位疾病占总死亡人数的91.7%。男性和女性的死因前2位疾病相同,均为其他呼吸疾患和肺恶性肿瘤,2种疾病在性别上没有差异(P>0.05)。随着年龄的增长,除了肿瘤和损伤中毒原因,循环系统疾病、呼吸系统疾病和消化系统疾病均呈现上升趋势。除了呼吸系统疾病,其余4种疾病在70岁以后,都呈现下降趋势。结论加强对肿瘤、循环系统疾病、呼吸系统疾病、损伤中毒原因和消化系统疾病的防治,降低病死率。根据各年龄段疾病的特点针对性给予措施,降低患者死亡风险,提高生命生活质量。

Analysis of disease composition of death cases in a hospital from 2016 to 2019

Objective To explore the disease composition of the death cases in a hospital in the last 4 years,and to provide reference for disease prevention and treatment.Methods All detailed information of inpatients′deaths from January 2016 to December 2019 was extracted to classify the diseases according to international Classification of diseases(ICD-10),and the age,sex,and disease composition of the death cases was analyzed.Results A total of 2266 patients died in the hospital from 2016 to 2019,with a fatality rate of 0.8%.The number of hospitalized patients increased year by year,while the fatality rate decreased year by year(P<0.05).There were 1,431 male deaths and 835 female deaths,with a male-to-female ratio of 1.71 to 1.Diseases of the tumor system(30.6%),circulatory system(27.5%)and respiratory system(17.9%),cause of injury poisoning(10.6%)and digestive system(6.1%)ranked the top 5,accounting for 91.7%of the total number of deaths.The first two causes of death in males and females were the same,both were other respiratory diseases and pulmonary malignancies,and there was no gender difference between the two diseases(P>0.05).In addition to tumor and injury poisoning,circulatory,respiratory and digestive diseases were on the rise with age.Except for respiratory diseases,other four diseases showed a downward trend over 70 years old.Conclusion The prevention and treatment of tumors,circulatory diseases and respiratory diseases should be targeted to reduce the fatality rate.According to the characteristics of diseases at all ages,targeted preventive measures can reduce the risk of death and improve the quality of life.