自体肺动脉瓣移植术在主动脉瓣病变治疗中的应用

目的　总结我院自体肺动脉瓣移植术 (Ross手术 )在主动脉瓣病变治疗中的临床经验。方法　从 1994年 10月至 2 0 0 2年 9月 ,共完成Ross手术 15例 ,其中 ,男 12例 ,女 3例 ,年龄 30± 14岁 ;术前诊断 :主动脉瓣病变 13例 ,老年退行性病变 1例 ,为重度主动脉瓣狭窄。亚急性细菌性心内膜炎 (SBE)合并主动脉瓣关闭不全 1例 ,术前UCG示主动脉瓣病变 ,狭窄和 /或关闭不全 (中重度 ) ,主动脉瓣环径 (AVD) :2 4± 0 4cm ;肺动脉瓣发育正常 ,功能良好 ,肺动脉瓣环径 (MPAD) :2 3± 0 2cm ;术前心功能 (纽约心脏协会NYHA)Ⅱ级 11例 ,Ⅲ级 4例 ,平均 :2 3级 ;所有病例均在全麻中度低温体外循环下进行 ,手术分三步进行 :(1)采取自体肺动脉瓣 ;(2 )切除病变的主动脉瓣并移植自体肺动脉瓣于主动脉位 ,采用主动脉根部移植法 ;(3)利用同种动脉瓣重建右室流出道 ;结果全组患者无手术死亡 ;术后主动脉平均跨瓣压差在正常范围 (7 2 3± 0 14mmHg) ,左室舒张未径 (LVDD)明显缩小 (P <0 0 0 1) ,LVEF :0 4 8± 0 2 2 ,心功能Ⅰ～Ⅱ级。所有患者均接受随访 ,随访 1～ 9年 ,心功能Ⅰ级 ,主动脉瓣、肺动脉瓣均功能良好 ,末见瓣膜狭窄或关闭不全。结论　Ross是一种临床疗效好的治疗主动脉瓣病变的手术方法。

Ross procedure in treatment of aortic disease: clinical experience of 15 cases

OBJECTIVE: To summarize the clinical experience of Ross procedure in treatment of aorta valve diseases. METHODS: The clinical data of 15 patients with aorta valve diseases, 12 men and 3 women, aged 30 +/- 14, including 13 cases of congenital aorta valve disease, 1 case of senile degenerative aortic valve disease, and 1 case of subacte bacterial endocarditis complicated by aortic stenosis (AS), with the heart function (NYHA) of class II in 11 cases and class III in 4 cases, underwent Ross procedure from October 1994 to September 2002 in Anzhen Hospital. Before operation, ultrasound cardiography showed moderate to severe AS and/or aortic insufficiency (AI) with an average aortic valve annulus diameter (AVD) of 2.4 +/- 0.4 cm and normal pulmonary valve. Operation was performed on all patients under cardiopulmonary bypass and moderate hypothermia. The operation procedure was as follows: (1) to take off the auto-pulmonary artery valve; (2) to remove the dysfunctional aortic valve and auto-transplant the pulmonary valve on the aortic root; and (3) to put a pulmonary homograft so as to re-establish on the right ventricular outflow tract. RESULTS: The perieoperative mortality is 0. After the operation, the mean pressure gradient of aortic valve was in the normal limitation (7.23 +/- 0.14 mm Hg), the left ventricular diastolic diameter decreased significantly (P < 0.001), the left ventricular ejection fraction was 0.48 +/- 0.22, and the heart function (NYHA) was at the classes I - II in all the patients. All cases received follow-up of 1 - 9 years, their heart function was all in Class I, and the function of their aortic and pulmonary valves remained well. CONCLUSION: Ross procedure is a kind of effective alterative operation in treating patients with aortic valve disease.