小儿和成人整形外科手术后早期低氧血症

７００例施择期整形外科手术的病人，在麻醉恢复室用脉搏氧饱和度仪持续监测ＳｐＯ２，以观察年龄对术后早期低氧血症的影响。根据年龄将病人分成四组：Ⅰ组为年龄小于１岁的婴儿；Ⅱ组为年龄１～３岁的幼儿；Ⅲ组为年龄大于３岁的儿童；Ⅳ组为年龄１８～５８岁的成人。结果发现年龄愈小，手术后早期的ＳｐＯ２愈低，低氧血症的发生率愈高。到达麻醉恢复室后，Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组病人的低氧血症发生率分别为４４．４％、３１．７％、１７．３％和８．３％。婴儿的低氧血症主要发生在术后４０分钟内，而１岁以上小儿和成人则主要发生在术后１５分钟内。

Early postoperative hypoxemia in infants, children and adults undergoing elective plastic surgery

Seven hundred ASA-class-1 patients undergoing elective plastic surgery were selected to study the effect of age on early postoperative hypoxemia with a pulse eximeter for continuous monitoring of arterial oxygen saturation (SPO2) in the postanesthesia recovery room. The patients were divided into four groups: group 1, 72 infants aged less than one year; group 2, 120 children aged from one to three years; group 3, 364 children aged over three years; and group 4, 144 adults aged from 18 to 58 years. The results showed that the younger the patients, the lower the SPO2 and the higher the incidence of hypoxemia in the early postoperative period. The incidences of early postoperative hypoxemia in the postanesthesia recovery room were 44. 4% in group 1, 31. 7% in group 2, 17. 3% in group 3 and 8. 3%in group 4. Early postoperative hypoxemia occurred most commonly within 40 min. in infants and within 15 min. in children aged over one year and adults.