Development and Validation of the Congestion Quantifier Seven-Item Test (CQ7): A Screening Tool for Nasal Congestion |
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| Authors: | Donald E Stull PhD John Krouse MD Eli O Meltzer MD Laurie Roberts MPH Susan Kim PharmD Lori Frank PhD Robert Naclerio MD Valerie Lund MD Aidan Long MD |
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| Institution: | United BioSource Corporation, Bethesda, MD, USA;;Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA;;University of California at San Diego and Asthma Medical Group and Research Center, San Diego, CA, USA;;Schering-Plough, Kenilworth, NJ, USA;;University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA;;University College London, London, UK;;Allergy Associates, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA |
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| Abstract: | ObjectiveThis study aimed to develop and validate a short, simple, patient-completed instrument for identifying patients with congestion in a 15-day study. Allergic rhinitis (AR) is the most common allergic condition worldwide, with congestion as one of the most salient symptoms. Nevertheless, there is no short screening tool designed specifically to identify congestion that can help patients make decisions about seeking treatment.MethodsPatients (N = 354) received a clinical exam to confirm congestion and assess its possible causes including confirmation of AR. They completed the 13-item draft of the Congestion Quantifier (CQ) and five additional patient-reported outcome instruments.ResultsThe 13-item draft CQ was reduced to a seven-item version, the CQ7. Internal consistency reliability was 0.93; test–retest reliability = 0.85. Construct validity wasdemonstrated by significant correlations with the Medical Outcomes Study Sleep Scale, the Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Questionnaire—Allergy Specific, and the Positive Affect and Negative Affect Scale Fatigue subscale (r = 0.23–0.67). The CQ7 can discriminate between controls and patients (AUC > 0.9). Moreover, it can discriminate between different levels of severity of symptoms of AR. A score of 7 provided optimum balance of sensitivity (91%), specificity (86%), and correct classification (90%) for detecting congestion.ConclusionThe CQ7 is reliable, valid, and responsive to differences in severity of nasal congestion. The CQ7 can identify patients with congestion that may need to be evaluated by a clinician. |
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| Keywords: | allergic rhinitis congestion self-administered screener |
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