无症状性脑梗死患者危险因素的随访研究

目的观察无症状性脑梗死(silent brain infarction,SBI)患者危险因素的长期控制状况。方法选择SBI患者145例,给予控制危险因素并随访1年;按照控制顺应性分为规范控制组108例和不规范控制组37例;并对随访前后危险因素的分布、治疗率及达标率进行比较。结果随访1年,SBI患者高脂血症、心房颤动、高同型半胱氨酸血症的用药率均较基线时明显提高(92.3%vs 82.4%,92.3 vs 46.2%,95.8%vs 56.3%,P<0.05);高同型半胱氨酸血症、戒烟、戒酒等的控制达标率较基线时的明显提高(89.6%vs 54.2%,91.0 vs 53.8%,97.9%vs 76.6%,P<0.01)。与不规范控制组比较,规范控制组血糖、同型半胱氨酸血症控制达标率明显改善;空腹血糖、餐后2h血糖、同型半胱氨酸水平明显下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论 SBI患者危险因素多,但多可通过规范化生活方式及药物治疗来控制并达标。

Follow-up of risk factors for asymptomatic ischemic stroke

Objective To observe the long-term control of risk factors for asymptomatic ischemic stroke.Methods One hundred and forty-five asymptomatic ischemic stroke patients were included in this study.Their risk factors were controlled.The patients were followed up for 1 year.The patients were divided into standard control group(n=108) and non-standard control group(n=37) according to their compliance.Distribution of risk factors,curative rate and risk factors control rate in two groups were analyzed and compared before and after follow-up.Results The patients were followed up for 1 year.Hyperlipidemia,atrial fibrillation,hyperhomocysteinemia,smoking and wine-drinking abstinence were significantly improved in asymptomatic ischemic stroke patients after treatment(92.3% vs 82.4%,92.3 vs 46.2%,95.8% vs 56.3%,P<0.05).The blood glucose level and hyperhomocysteinemia were better controlled in standard control group than in non-standard control group(89.6% vs 54.2%,91.0% vs 53.8%,97.9% vs 76.6%,P<0.01).The levels of fasting blood glucose,2 h postprandial blood glucose and homocysteine were significantly lower in asymptomatic ischemic stroke patients after treatment than before treatment(P<0.05,P<0.01).Conclusion The risk factors for asymptomatic ischemic stroke are numerous,but most of them can be controlled through standard life style and drug treatment.