长沙市某寄宿学校甲型流感暴发疫情的调查分析及防控对策

目的了解长沙市某寄宿学校流感爆发疫情的原因及流行病学特征。方法对该起流感病爆发疫情进行现场流行病学调查分析和实验室采样检测。结果从2月15日~3月9日,该校共有336名学生和教职工出现发热(体温≥38℃)、头晕头痛、咽痛和咳嗽等症状,罹患率为4.35%,无重症病例和死亡病例。共采集了25份病人鼻、咽拭子标本,有21份为H1流感病毒核酸阳性,并分离出18份H1流感病毒株。根据患者的临床症状与体征、流行病学调查、实验室检测,确定为一起甲型流感爆发疫情。结论经启动突发公共卫生事件应急预案,采取综合性防制措施,此起爆发疫情得到了有效控制。

Investigation and Preventive Countermeasures of Influenza Outbreak in a Boarding School of Changsha

Objective The research was conducted to investigate the cause and epidemic characteristic of influenza outbreak in a boarding school of Changsha. Methods Epidemiological investigation was performed and the samples were collected for testing. Results From February 15th. to March 9th, there were 336 students and teachers in the school fevered （the temperature was 38℃ or higher than 38℃ ）, had a headache , dizzied and coughed . As a result, the attack rate reached 4. 35%, but cases of severe disease and death were not found. Twenty -five specimens of patient＇s Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected, in which influenza virus nucleic acid was detected to be positive in twenty - one specimens and eighteen specimens of H1 influenza strains was isolated. It was defined as an outbreaks of influenza A according to patient＇s symptom and objective sign, epidemiological investigation and laboratory tests. Conclusion The epidemic had been effective controled after we adopted public health emergency plan and took some appropriate measures.