Interstitial lung disease in the connective tissue diseases |
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Authors: | Antin-Ozerkis Danielle Rubinowitz Ami Evans Janine Homer Robert J Matthay Richard A |
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Affiliation: | Yale Interstitial Lung Disease Program, Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine Section, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA. danielle.antin-ozerkis@yale.edu |
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Abstract: | The connective tissue diseases (CTDs) are inflammatory, immune-mediated disorders in which interstitial lung disease (ILD) is common and clinically important. Interstitial lung disease may be the first manifestation of a CTD in a previously healthy patient. CTD-associated ILD frequently presents with the gradual onset of cough and dyspnea, although rarely may present with fulminant respiratory failure. Infection and drug reaction should always be ruled out. A diagnosis of idiopathic ILD should never be made without a careful search for subtle evidence of underlying CTD. Treatment of CTD-ILD typically includes corticosteroids and immunosuppressive agents. |
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Keywords: | Connective tissue Interstitial lung disease Inflammation Immunity |
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