遵义地区犬狂犬病毒血清抗体流行病学调查与大学生对该病的认知情况分析

目的 调查遵义地区犬RV血清抗体流行病学情况和大学生对狂犬病的认知情况。方法 采用RV生物素双抗原夹心ELISA试剂盒对遵义地区422份犬血清样品进行RV血清抗体检测,采用网络问卷对遵义地区大学生开展狂犬病认知情况调查。结果 共采集422份犬血清样本,其中宠物犬297例,192例免疫过狂犬疫苗,65例未免疫,40例免疫信息不详,125例流浪犬狂犬疫苗免疫信息不详。422份犬血清样品RV抗体总阳性率为43.36%(183/422),其中,宠物犬、流浪犬、雄性犬、雌性犬的RV抗体阳性率分别为56.57%(168/297)、12%(15/125)、41.63%(102/245)、45.76%(81/177),犬性别与RV抗体阳性率差异无统计学意义(χ²=0.714,P>0.05),宠物犬与流浪犬RV的抗体阳性差异存在统计学意义(χ²=71.143,P<0.05)。问卷调查显示大学生群体对狂犬病具有较高的认知水平。结论 遵义地区流浪犬RV抗体阳性率远低于宠物犬,应加强流浪犬管理,遵义地区大学生群体对狂犬病具有较高的认知水平,这对于本地区狂犬病的预防与控制具有积极意义。

Epidemiological investigation of sera antibody of canine rabies virus and the analysis of college students' cognition of the disease in Zunyi,China

In order to investigate the serum antibody of canine RV and college students' cognition of rabies in Zunyi, RV antibody was detected in 422 serum samples of dogs in Zunyi using RV biotin double antigen sandwich ELISA kit, and network questionnaires about rabies knowledge among college students. Results showed that there were 422 canine serum samples and 297 samples were from pet dogs, of which 192 had been vaccinated against rabies, 65 had not been immunized, and 40 were unknown,and the immune information of other 125 samples from stray dog are unknown. The positive rate of RV in 422 dog serum samples was 43.36% (183/422), in which that positive rates of RV antibodies of pet dogs, stray dogs, male dogs and female dogs were respectively 56.57% (168/297), 12% (15 /125), 41.63% (102 /245) and 45.76% 177). There was no statistical difference between gender and RV antibody positive in dogs (P> 0.05)and RV antibody positive in pet dogs and stray dogs was statistically different (P<0.05). The questionnaires showed that college students had a high level of cognition for rabies.The positive rate of RV antibody in stray dogs in Zunyi is far lower than pet dogs, so the stray dogs management should be strengthened. And the college students in Zunyi will have a high level of cognition for rabies, which is of positive significance for the prevention and control with rabies in this area.