山东省12所高中／技校生艾滋病KAP调查分析

目的了解山东省城市高中、农村高中和职业技术学校学生艾滋病知识掌握情况和相关态度行为,为确定重点教育内容和宣教方法提供依据。方法2004年6月,采用多级分层整群抽样方法,选取济南、烟台、泰安、临沂4市城乡高中、农村高中、技校各1所共12所学校进行问卷调查。结果共调查2 520名,城乡高中、职业技术学校学生艾滋病知识总体知晓率分别为64.8%、57.9%、53.3%。3类学校传播途径、预防方法、非传播途径、基本知识和非预防方法知晓率分别为76.6%、71.7%、54.8%、54.7%、34.3%。城乡高中生和技校学生对人类免疫缺陷病毒感染者/艾滋病患者存在较为严重歧视,对艾滋病流行认识不够,学生知识来源多为大众媒体,学生对艾滋病知识有强烈需求。结论农村中学和职业技术学校是预防艾滋病健康教育工作的薄弱环节,应切实加强各级学校健康教育,普及艾滋病知识,提高学生知晓率。

Survey on knowledge, attitude and practice related to AIDS in 12 senior high schools and technical schools in Shandong province

Objective To understand Shandong provincial students' basic status of knowledge,attitude and practice related to AIDS in senior high schools and technical schools,so as to establish scientific health education models for different kinds of schools.Methods 12 schools including 4 urban senior high schools,4 rural senior high schools,4 technical schools were selected with random,stratified,cluster sampling.Results In a total of 2 520 students,the percentages of AIDS knowledge were 64.8%,(57.9%),(53.3%) in urban senior high schools,rural senior high schools,technical sciools,respectively.The lowest were technical schools.The percentages of AIDS knowledge were(76.6%),(71.7%),(54.8%),54.7%,34.3% in transmission routes respectively,prevention methods,non-transmission routes,basic conception and non-prevention methods.Many students discriminated seriously against HIV infected person and AIDS patients.Students had a strong demand to the knowledge related to AIDS.Conclusions The percentages of AIDS knowledge were lower in middle schools.So we must develop health education about AIDS in all schools,especially in rural schools and technical schools.The contents should emphasize non-prevention methods,non-prevalence approaches and basic conception.