护士血液性职业暴露调查及防护

目的调查护士血源性职业暴露的危险程度,探讨有效防护措施。方法对200名护士进行问卷调查,内容包括：护士的基本情况（文化程度,工作年限,科室）,护士血缘性职业暴露的构成情况以及护士的自我防护意识。结果对调查中记录的护士346次锐器伤分析表明,以针刺、玻璃划伤、手术刀片划伤为主。不同科室因工作紧张度和劳动程度不同,护士发生血源性职业暴露的比例明显不同,其中急诊室最高占62.86%。在临床护理中护士的防护意识存在差异,每次都戴手套为70人次,占35%,经常戴45人次（22.5%）,偶尔戴71人次（35.5%）,觉得影响操作而不戴的14人次（7%）;每次都戴的比例35%,与非每次都戴的比例65%相比有统计学差异。结论护士的血源性职业暴露途径以针刺最多见,不同科室暴露的构成比以急诊科最高,护士自我防护意识较为淡薄,在获得医院重视的前提下通过行政干预加强职业防护教育,争取有效预防措施,将职业暴露风险降到最低水平。

The investigation and prevention of Nurses'occupational exposure to blood

Objective Survey the level of risk of Nurses occupational exposure to blood-borne,explore effective protective measures.Methods Of 200 nurses conducted a questionnaire survey,covering：the basic situation of nurses（education,work experience,departments）,nurses occupational exposure to blood composi-tion as well as the nurse＇s self-protection awareness.Results Nurses in the survey recorded in the 346 sub-analysis showed that sharp injuries to acupuncture,glass scratch,scratch the main blades.Tension due to the work of different departments and different levels of labor,nurses,occupational exposure to blood-borne place significantly different proportion,which accounted for 62.86% the highest emergency room.Nurses in clinical care in the sense of protection,there are differences,each time wearing gloves for 70 passengers,accounting for 35%,often worn 45 times（22.5%）,and occasionally wear 71 times（35.5%）,that affect the operation instead of wearing 14 trips（7%）,each time wearing the proportion of 35%,and non-wearing each time compared to 65% of the proportion of significant difference.Conclusions Nurses,occupational exposure to blood-borne most common ways to acupuncture,different sections of the composition exposed to the highest compared to the emergency department,nurses,relatively weak sense of self-defense,in the emphasis on access to hospital under the premise of protection through administrative intervention in strengthening vocational education,towards the effective prevention of measures to minimize the risk of occupational exposure levels.