中心静脉导管在胸腔积液和气胸中应用体会

目的：观察中心静脉导管留置胸腔闭式引流术治疗各种胸腔积液和气胸的临床疗效和安全性。方法：用单腔中心静脉导管，长约30 cm硅胶引流管、引流瓶组成密闭的引流系统，对65例自发性气胸和76例中等量以上胸腔积液，包括外伤性血气胸或自发性液气胸37例、胸腔积液或恶性肿瘤伴胸腔积液39例，共计141例患者进行中心静脉导管闭式引流术。结果：胸腔积液有效率为94%；65例气胸除2例行切开闭式引流外，其余均治愈，有效率95%。结论：用单腔中心静脉导管、引流管、引流瓶组成的胸腔闭式引流是一种简便、有效、安全、可靠、患者容易接受的治疗胸腔积液和气胸的引流方法。

The Experience of Central Venous Catheter in the Treatment of Pleural Effusion and Pneumothorax

To observe the clinical therapeutic effects and safety of central venous catheter in the treatment of pleural effusion and pneumothorax. Method：A closed drainage system by a single-lumen central venous line about 30 centimeters silicone sterilization drainage tube and one drainage bottle composition. A total of 141 patients were treated with central venous catheter for the closed drainage of thoracic cavity. It’s included 65 spontaneous pneumothorax patients and 76 medium pleural effusion patients. In 76 cases,there were 37 patients who were traumatic hemothora and hydropneumothorax. The others 39 patients were pleural effusions or malignant pleural effusions. Result：The total effective rate was 94%in pleural effusion patients. In 65 spontaneous pneumothorax patients,there were all cured except 2 cases with open closed drainage. It’s effective rate was 95%. Conclusion：The closed drainage system with central venous catheter,drainage tube and drainage bottle is simple,safe and effective method,to cure the pleural effusion and peumothorax,which is easy to be accepted by patients.