住院患者HIV抗体检测阳性分析

目的：了解本院住院患者人免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染情况，提高医护人员防护意识，减少医源性感染。方法：对2009年10月-2013年12月本院收治的16027例住院患者进行HIV抗体检测，HIV抗体初筛采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA法）和胶体硒快速法检测，阳性者送艾滋病确证实验室做蛋白印迹试验（Western-Blot，WB）确诊，并对其阳性结果进行分析。结果：在16027例患者中共检出HIV抗体阳性557例，阳性率为3.48%。557例感染者分布于医院的各个临床科室；其中男380例，女177例，男女比例2.15：1；以中青年为主，21--50岁占80.25%；传播途径从以前静脉吸毒为主到现在以性行为传播为主，占38.06%；职业上以农民工比例最大，近年大中学生也传播迅速。结论：对住院患者进行HIV抗体的检测是发现HIV/AIDS的一条重要途径，同时对预防医源性感染具有重要意义。

Analysis of the Inpatients with Positive Results of HIV Antibody Detection

To master the infection of HIV of inpatients in our hospital,so as to improve the self-protection awareness of medical staffs and decrease the hospital-acquired infections.Method：16 027 inpatients in the hospital were sampled for the HIV antibody detection from October 2009 to December 2013.Preliminary positive diagnosis of HIV antibody was conducted by ELISA and colloidal selenium-labeled method of HIV.Positive cases were further confirmed by Western-Blot（WB）and then were analyzed.Result：557 positive cases with HIV antibody were detected from the 16 027 samples and the positive rate of HIV antibody was 3.48%.The 557 positive cases scattered in the various clinical departments of the hospital,and showed an sex ratio of 380 male to 177 female（the proportion of male to female was 2.15：1）.Most of the HIV infected persons were young and middle-aged,and 80.25 percent of which were between 21 and 50 years old.The main route of HIV transmission had changed from intravenous drug use to sexual behavior and 38.06%of the HIV patients were infected by sex.The migrant workers shared the maximum ratio in the infected person and the college students with HIV increased rapidly.Conclusion：The HIV antibody detection on inpatients is an important gateway for the HIV/AIDS cases finding,and is equal important for the prevention of the hospital-acquired infections of HIV.