氯胺酮、依托咪酯、异丙酚抗电惊厥的实验研究

目的　观察氯胺酮、依托咪酯、异丙酚 3种静脉全麻药对电刺激惊厥的保护作用。方法　将昆明种小鼠随机分成 10组 ,每组 10只 ,分别腹腔注射生理盐水 0 .1ml kg ,氯胺酮 5 0、2 5、12 .5mg kg ,依托咪酯 10、5、2 5mg kg ,异丙酚 10 0、5 0、2 5mg kg ,5min后给予电刺激 ,观察小鼠惊厥发生率、死亡率、强直持续期。结果　氯胺酮除 12 .5mg kg外皆可明显降低电惊厥发生率 (P <0 .0 1) ,而 12 .5mg kg明显缩短强直持续期 (P <0 .0 1) ;依托咪酯2 .5、5mg kg可缩短强直持续期 (P <0 .0 1) ,对惊厥发生率无明显影响 ,10mg kg可完全拮抗电刺激惊厥 ;异丙酚2 5mg kg可降低电惊厥发生率 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,并明显缩短强直持续期 (P <0 .0 1) ,5 0、10 0mg kg异丙酚使用后无强直型惊厥出现。结论　 3种静脉全麻药随剂量增加对抗电刺激引起的惊厥的作用增强。

The antielectroconvulsant effect of ketamine, etomidate and propofol in mice

Objective To observe the effect of ketamine, etomidate and propofol on the convulsion induced by electric stimulation.Methods One hundred mice were randomly divided into 1 control group and 9 experimental groups. To them, normal saline and the 3 drugs of varied doses were given ip 5 min prior to the induction of electric convulsion. The anticonvulsant effects were described in terms of convulsant latency,incidence of convulsion, death rate, and duration of tonic state.ResultsCompared with the finding in the control group, 50 and 25 mg/kg ketamine could decrease the incidence of electric convulsion,and 12.5 mg/kg ketamine could shorten the duration of tonic state (P<0.01). In the etomidate groups, the duration of tonic state was shortened in a dose-dependent manner, but the the convulsion was not prevented until the dose was increased to 10 mg/kg (P<0.01). In the propofol groups, the incidence was reduced and the duration of tonic state was shortened after 25 mg/kg, and the convulsion was totally controlled by bigger doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg.Conclusion The antielectroconvulsant effect of ketamine, etomidate and propofol varies with the increase of their dosage.