南通市成人主要慢性病相关危险行为特征分析

摘要:目的　了解南通市18周岁以上居民主要慢性病危险因素的流行情况，为慢性病综合防控提供科学依据。方法　采用分层整群抽样的方法，随机抽取57388名成人作为调查对象，进行问卷调查、体格检查，获得主要慢性病危险因素的流行情况。结果　调查人群超重率35.0%，肥胖率11.2%，男性和女性的超重率分别为37.8%和32.3%（χ2＝190.512，P＜0.05），肥胖率分别为9.7%和12.7%（χ2＝129.348，P＜0.05），中年组超重、肥胖均明显高于其他2个年龄组，城市和农村超重率分别为32.2％和35.7％（χ2＝53.145，P＜0.05），肥胖率分别为9.9％和11.6％（χ2＝28.822，P＜0.05）。成人现在吸烟率为20.1％（11613名）。男性远远高于女性（χ2＝8611.920，P＜0.05）。中年组现在吸烟率为23.1％（7674名），高于青年组和老年组（χ2＝943.395，P＜0.05），城市（15.3%，1839人）现在吸烟率低于农村（21.6%，9792人）（χ2＝236.669，P＜0.05）。平均饮酒率为27.2%（15593人），男性高于女性（χ2＝20625.71，P＜0.05），农村饮酒率高于城市（χ2＝17487.136，P＜0.05），过量饮酒人数占调查总人数的25.7%，其中11.5%每月至少有1次大量饮酒。从不锻炼比例高达74.3％（42639名）。调查人群食盐、食油摄入超标比例分别为54.3%和71.9%，奶类、蔬菜、水果摄入不足比例分别为64.4%、57.1%、87.2%。结论　南通市成人主要慢性病危险因素高度流行，应采取积极有效的措施加以控制。

Investigation on main risk factors for common NCD among adults in Nantong city

Abstract: Objective The aim of this research was to study the prevalence of risk factors of common non-communicable diseases (NCD) in adults in Nantong city, in order to provide the basis for prevention and control. Methods With stratified cluster sampling method, random samples of 57388 adults were chosen as the object of questionnaire, physical examination and laboratory tests. Then the prevalence of risk factors was analyzed. Results The overweight rate of adults in Nantong was 35.0%, while the obesity ratio was 11.2%. For men and women, the overweight rates were 37.8% and 32.3% respectively (χ2=190.512, P<0.05), while the obesity rates were 9.7% and 12.7% respectively (χ2=129.348, P<0.05). The overweight rates were 32.2% in urban and 35.7% in rural (χ2=53.145, P<0.05), while the obesity rates were 9.9% and 11.6% for urban and rural areas (χ2=28.822, P<0.05). Current smoking rate was 20.1％ (11613), and 15.3% (1839) and 21.6% (9792) in urban and rural areas (χ2=236.669, P<0.05)．The rate of having the habit of drinking was 27.2％ (15593), higher in male than female (χ2=20625.71, P<0.05), and higher in rural than urban (χ2=17487.136, P<0.05). The percentages of excessive alcohol consumption were 25.7％, and 11.5% over drunk every month. There were 74.3% (42639) adults who never took physical activity. The rates of excess consumption of sodium and oil were 54.3% and 71.9%. And the insufficient intake of milk, vegetables and fruits were 64.4%, 57.1%, and 87.2%. Conclusion The risk factors of common CND were highly prevalent in Nantong city, and measures should be taken to control the prevalence.