极低频电磁辐射从业人员外周血细胞的变化及其意义

目的：研究长期接受极低频电磁辐射的从业人员外周血细胞的变化，并阐明极低频电磁辐射对外周血细胞的影响。方法：选择某工厂接触电磁辐射的2个车间工人作为暴露组，依据暴露强度的不同，将低水平接触极低频电磁辐射者（123例）作为低暴露组，较高水平接触极低频电磁辐射者（229例）作为高暴露组，选择不接触电磁辐射的行政人员（212例）作为对照组。采用EFA-300工频电磁场场强测试仪检测车间(低暴露组与高暴露组)电磁场强度，AWA5610D型积分声级计检测车间噪声强度，全自动血液分析仪检测外周血细胞数据。结果：与对照组比较，低暴露组工人平均红细胞体积（MCV）和白细胞（WBC）数明显增
加（P<0.05）；高暴露组工人MCV、WBC、红细胞压积（Hct）和淋巴细胞（LC）数均明显增加（P<0.05）；但高暴露组工人平均血小板体积（MPV）明显降低（P<0.05）。结论：极低频电磁辐射可能对从业人员外周血细胞的变化产生一定的影响，从而引起血液系统的变化。

Changes of peripheral blood cells of employees under condition of extremely low frequency electromagnetic radiation and their significances

Objective To study the changes of peripheral blood cells of the employees who accept a long-term extremely low frequency electromagnetic radiation,and to investigate the effects of the extremely low frequency electromagnetic radiation on the peripheral blood cells.Methods The employees accept extremely low frequency electromagnetic radiation were chosed as exposure groups,the workers who exposed to the low level of electromagnetic radiation were used as low exposure group(n=123),and those who exposed to the high level radiation as high exposure group(n=229),another workers who did not contact with extremely low frequency electromagnetic radiation were chosed as control group(n=212).The electromagnetic field intensity was detected by EFA-300 Field Analyzer,the workshop noise intensity was detected by AWA5610D integrating sound level meter,and the number of peripheral blood cells was tested by automated hematology analyzer.Results Compared with control group,the mean corpuscular volume(MCV) and the number of white blood cells(WBC) in low exposure group were significantly increased(P<0.05);the MCV,WBC,hematocrit(Hct),and lymphocyte(LC) in high exposure group were markedly increased(P<0.05),but the mean platelet volume(MPV) in high exposure group was decreased(P<0.05).Conclusion Extremely low frequency electromagnetic radiation might affect the peripheral blood cells of employees,even cause the changes of blood system.