Healthcare utilization of overweight and obese Europeans aged 50–79 years |
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Authors: | I Peytremann-Bridevaux B Santos-Eggimann |
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Institution: | (1) Health Services Research Unit, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Lausanne, 17 Bugnon, CH-1005 Lausanne, Switzerland;(2) Institute of Health Economics and Management, University of Lausanne, 9 César-Roux, CH-1005 Lausanne, Switzerland |
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Abstract: | To examine the association between overweight/obesity and healthcare utilization in middle-aged and aged Europeans. This is
a baseline cross-sectional analysis of self-reported data from ten countries participating in the Survey of Health, Ageing
and Retirement in Europe (SHARE), which reached an overall response rate of 62%. Included in the study were 16,695 non-institutionalized
individuals aged 50–79 years with body mass indexes (BMI) ≥18.5 kg/m2. We used height and weight to compute BMI and categorized it into normal weight (BMI 18.5–24.9 kg/m2), overweight (BMI 25.0–29.9 kg/m2) and obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2). Dichotomous measures of healthcare utilization during the previous 12 months included any use of ambulatory care, high
use of a general practitioner, visits to specialists, high use of medication, hospitalization, high number of times hospitalized
and nights spent in the hospital, surgery, home healthcare and domestic help. Logistic regressions adjusted for age, socio-economic
status, smoking, physical activity, alcohol consumption, country of residence, and chronic conditions. All analyses were stratified
by gender. Among men and women, being overweight or obese was associated with a significantly increased risk of using ambulatory
care and visiting general practitioners, as well as taking ≥2 medication categories. Those relationships were only partially
explained by chronic conditions. Obese women were at increased risk and overweight men at decreased risk of hospitalization.
For men, exploring other hospitalization dimensions did not reveal significant associations, however. Men and women, whether
overweight or obese, did not report higher use of specialists, surgery, home healthcare or domestic help. For all outcomes,
similar trends were found at the country level. Population-attributable fractions were highest for medication use, both for
men (23%) and women (19%). Despite the rising prevalence of obesity and aging of the population, findings from SHARE show
that overweight and obesity place a moderate burden on European healthcare systems, mostly by increasing ambulatory care and
medication use. |
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Keywords: | Obesity Overweight Healthcare utilization Population-based study |
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