以病例为基础讨论式学习教学方法在耳鼻咽喉科学临床教学中的应用

本文比较了以病例为基础讨论式学习（case-based discussion and learning，CBDL）教学方法和传统教学方法在耳鼻咽喉科学临床教学中的应用效果。自2000年开始，北京大学第一医院耳鼻咽喉科学临床教学中采用CBDL教学方法，随机抽取1996级临床医学专业30名学生为教学对象，将其平均分为两组，实验组学生采用CBDL教学方法，对照组学生加入其他大班学生中采用传统教学方法。实习结束后，比较两组学生耳鼻咽喉科学理论知识考核和临床技能考核的成绩。结果显示，两组学生的理论知识考核成绩无显著性统计学差异（P〉0．05），临床技能考核成绩实验组学生优于对照组学生（P〈0．05）。几年来的教学实践证明，CBDL教学方法在耳鼻咽喉科学临床教学中切实可行，有助于培养学生自主学习、分析问题、解决问题的能力。

Effects of case-based discussion and learning in clinical teaching for otorhinolaryngology

To compare the characteristics and outcome data of the students from a single institution with two tracks ,case-basod discussion and learning(CBDL) and traditional teaching method in clinical teaching for otorhinolaryngology. We used the CBDL in 2000, and the students were randomly divided into two groups. 15 students were trained with CBDL, and the other 15 students were trained with traditional teaching method. The average score of the students in theory test had no difference. The results showed that the students of CBDL team were better on clinical skill test. By studied this learning methods, we demonstrated that CBDL may have positive effect in clinical teaching for otorhinolaryngology. The teaching effect was enhanced through the combination of teaching with clinical practice and the learning skills and the ability in problem solving and analyzing were improved.