脑出血452例临床特点分析

目的：比较、分析青年脑出血和老年脑出血的临床特点。方法：选取452例脑出血患者，其中青年组（18-40岁）57例，老年组（≥66岁）395例。比较两组性别、病因、危险因素、临床特点及病死率的差异。结果：高血压是青年组和老年组的主要病因和危险因素，青年组高血压发病率低于老年组（P〈0．05）。青年组脑血管异常发生率高于老年组（P〈0．05）。吸烟、饮酒也是青年组常见的危险因素。头痛、呕吐发生率青年组均为57．89％，老年组分别为31.14％、13．16％，两组差异有统计学意义（P〈O．05）；发病即刻意识障碍发生率青年组高于老年组（15．79％，9．62％，P〈O．05）。两组性别和病死率比较差异无统计学意义。结论：青年脑出血患者的主要病因和危险因素是高血压和脑血管异常，以头痛、呕吐为典型症状，发病即刻意识障碍的发生率高于老年脑出血患者。

Clinical Characteristics of 452 Cases with Cerebral Hemorrhage

Objective:To compare and analyse clinical features of cerebral hemorrhage in young patients and elderly patients.Methods:452 cases with cerebral hemorrhage were enrolled in the study.Among them,57 cases were identified as the young adults(18～40 years old),and the other 395 cases were aged over 66 years old.The sexes,pathogenic factors,risk factors,clinical features and mortality rates were documented and analyzed between the two groups.Results:Hypertension was the most prominent risk factor for the aged patients.The rate of hypertension in the young patients was significantly lower than that in the aged patients(P<0.05).The rate of cerebrovascular abnormality in the young patients was significantly higher than that in the elderly patients(P<0.05).Smoking and alcohol abuse were the common risk factors in the young patients.The rate of headache,vomit and onset conscious disturbances in the young patients was significantly higher than that aged patients retrospectively(P<0.05).Conclusion:In the young patients with cerebral hemorrhage,hypertension and cerebrovascular abnormality were the most prominent risk factors.Headache and vomit were the typical symptoms.the onset conscious disturbance was more common in the young patients than in the aged patients.