急诊外科临床教学的实践与思考

目的通过石景山教学医院五年制临床医学定向班学生急诊外科临床教学现状调查，找出影响教学质量的原因并提出和制定相应的对策，以利于急诊外科教学质量的提升和医学生的全面成长。方法运用调查分析法，总结、归纳影响急诊外科临床教学质量的相关因素和原因。结果医学生实习时间短、实际操作能力不强、教材和实习欠规范、临床实习精力分散、与带教教师交流和沟通不畅、急诊医学临床思维能力欠缺等是影响急诊外科教学质量的主要原因。结论在急诊外科实习教学过程中，应注重突出急诊特点，注重外科基本技能的培养，注重实例教学，倡导启发式、讨论式、参与式教学，注重院前急救和急诊抢救训练，理论教学与临床实践紧密结合，强化教学质量管理和考勤纪律管理等，均有利于医学生急诊临床思维的形成和转变，进而提高临床实际操作能力，提升急诊外科的临床教学质量。

Practice and reflections of clinical teaching of emergency surgery

Objective A survey on the current status of clinical teaching was conducted among medical students of five-year program of hospital emergency surgery to find out factors affecting the teaching quality and to propose suggestions and solutions so as to enhance the teaching quality of emergency surgery and the overall development of medical students. Methods By analyzing the survey results, we summarized and categorized factors affecting the quality of clinical teaching of emergency surgery. Results Main factors affecting the teaching quality are medical students＇short length of clinical practical training, poor actual operational ability, lack of clinical standards in textbooks and clinical training, distractions during clinical training, lack of communication with teachers, and inadequate clinical thinking in emergency medicine. Conclusion The teaching of emergency surgery should focus on characteristics of emergency situations, basic surgical skills training, and practice teaching through examples. Teaching should encourage elicitation, discussions, participatory learning, and pre- hospital and emergency room training, and combination of theoretical teaching with clinical practice. Strengthening teaching quality management and student attendance management is also critical. All these factors facilitate the formation and transformation of students clinical thinking in emergency medicine, thus improving their clinical operational capabilities and clinical teaching quality of emergency surgery.