上颌中切牙唇腭侧骨壁及牙长轴的锥形束CT研究

目的：应用锥形束CT测量天然上颌中切牙的唇腭侧骨壁厚度,以及牙长轴与牙槽突长轴的角度关系,探讨其对即刻种植的临床指导意义。方法：选取76例天然上颌中切牙的锥形束CT图像,测量其牙槽嵴顶、牙槽嵴顶下4mm、8mm、根尖处的唇、腭侧骨壁厚度,以及牙长轴与牙槽突长轴的夹角,比较唇、腭侧骨壁厚度的差异,不同性别之间唇腭侧骨壁厚度的差异,以及不同年龄段患者的牙长轴与牙槽突长轴夹角的关系。结果：除牙槽嵴顶外,天然上颌中切牙的唇侧骨壁比腭侧骨壁薄,二者差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;不同性别的唇侧骨壁厚度无统计学意义;不同年龄段的患者,其天然牙长轴与牙槽突长轴的夹角的差异无统计学意义。结论：天然上颌中切牙唇侧骨壁较薄;性别对其唇腭侧骨壁厚度的影响不大;牙长轴与牙槽突长轴的夹角未随年龄增大而增大。

Research on Buccal Bone Wall Thickness of Maxillary Central Incisors and Tooth Axis with CBCT

Objective：To measure buccal bone wall thickness of maxillary central incisors,and angle between tooth axis and alveolar process axis,in order to explore its clinical significance to immediate implant.Methords：We selected 76CBCT images of natural maxillary central incisors,measured thickness of buccal and palatal bone wall at the sites of bone crest,4,8mm below the bone crest,and root apex,and angle between tooth axis and alveolar process axis,compared the thickness difference and its sexual difference of buccal and palatal bone wall,and observed the relationship of angle between tooth long axis and alveolar process axis in different ages.Results：Buccal bone wall was thinner than palatal bone wall,and the difference was significant,except the site of bone crest.Sexual difference of buccal bone wall was not statistically significant.Difference of angle between tooth axis and alveolar process axis was not statistically significant in different ages.Conclusion：Buccal bone wall of natural maxillary central incisors was very thin.Sex did not affect the thickness of buccal and palatal bone wall.The angle between tooth axis and alveolar process axis did not increase as people aged.