髋外展肌疲劳对不同性别人群单腿侧跳落地时神经肌肉控制的影响

目的 比较髋外展肌疲劳对不同性别人群单腿侧跳落地期间的姿势稳定性及其神经肌肉控制的影响。方法 比较20名男性和20名女性在髋外展肌疲劳干预前后进行单腿侧跳落地期间的压力中心(center of pressure, COP)、地面反作用力(ground reaction force, GRF)、下肢运动学、关节力矩、肌肉活动度等。结果 疲劳后，男性和女性COP在冠状面的最大位移和平均速度增加，髋关节外展峰值角度和踝关节外翻峰值角度增加，踝关节内翻峰值力矩增加。触地前200 ms,男性股直肌、股二头肌、胫前肌、腓骨长肌的激活小于女性；触地后200 ms,男性股二头肌激活小于女性。结论 髋外展肌疲劳导致冠状面姿势稳定性下降，髋、踝关节冠状面稳定性下降，可能增加关节损伤风险。不同性别人群的姿势调控策略存在差异，提示下肢关节损伤机制的性别差异值得进一步探究。

Effects of Hip Abductor Fatigue on Neuromuscular Control During Single-Leg Side-Jump Landing in Different Gender Groups

Objective To compare the effects of hip abductor fatigue on postural stability and neuromuscular control in different gender groups during single-leg side-jump landing. Methods Twenty male and twenty female adults were required to execute single-leg side-jump landing before and after hip abductor fatigue protocol. The center of pressure (COP), ground reaction force (GRF), lower extremity kinematics, joint moment, muscle activity were compared. Results For both males and females after fatigue, the maximum displacements and average velocities of COP decreased, and the peak angles of hip abduction and ankle eversion increased, and the peak torques of ankle inversion increased. At 200 ms pre-landing, the activiation of rectus femoris, biceps femoris, tibialis anterior, peroneus longus were lower in male than that in female. At 200 ms post-landing, the activiation of biceps femoris in male was lower than that in female after fatigue. Conclusions The postural stability in frontal plane decreased after hip abductor fatigue. The frontal plane control of hip joint and ankle joint was weakened, which might increase the risk of joint injury. There are differences in postural strategies for different genders, indicating that gender difference in the mechanism of lower limb joint injury is worth of further investigation.