微粒子成像测速在生物医学工程领域的研究进展

血液是生物体内重要组成部分，肩负着物质输送和传递的任务。血流微环境影响着心血管发育、红细胞聚集及血液黏度、癌症转移和动脉粥样硬化等生理病理过程，在药物输送、细胞分选、人工器官设计和生物体运动等研究领域，流场环境也起到重要作用，这使得微流场的测量和定量分析变得尤为重要。微粒子成像测速(micro-particle imaging velocimetry, Micro-PIV)将传统的粒子成像测速和显微技术结合起来，通过对高速相机在不同时刻拍摄的两组图像进行互相关分析，能够计算得到微流场环境的速度场。与其他速度测量方法相比，Micro-PIV技术具有较高的时间分辨率和空间分辨率。本文介绍Micro-PIV系统的主要组成及相关原理和分析方法，并总结其近年来在生物医学工程领域的研究进展，对Micro-PIV的不足和应用前景展望进行探讨。

Research Progress of Micro-PIV in Biomedical Engineering Field

Blood is an important component of living organism which is responsible for material transportation. The microenvironment of blood flow plays an important role in physiological and pathological processes of angiogenesis and cardiac development, erythrocytes aggregation and blood viscosity, tumor metastasis and atherosclerosis. Besides, micro-fluid environment significantly affects drug delivery, cell screening, and artificial organ design. Thus, the measurement and quantitative analysis of micro-fluid contribute to the biomedical engineering filed. Micro-particle imaging velocimetry (Micro-PIV) combines conventional PIV with microscopy technique. Correlation analysis is conducted in two groups of images captured by high speed camera at different time intervals, and the velocity profiles in micro-fluid environment are successfully measured. Compared with other velocity measurement methods, Micro-PIV has high temporal resolution and spatial resolution. The main setup of Micro-PIV and its principle analysis method were introduced in this review. Recent studies of Micro-PIV applications in biomedical engineering field were then summarized. Moreover, the drawbacks of Micro-PIV technique and prospect of its applications were discussed.