上海港外来船舶压舱水中浮游植物的调查及风险分析

目的了解上海港外来船舶压舱水中浮游植物的种类及入侵风险。方法对2007—2011年上海港的60艘外来船舶压舱水样本进行和分析。结果外来船舶压舱水中发现浮游植物共8门63属152种(包括62种赤潮生物)。其中,常见种主要有菱形海线藻(Thalassionema nitzschioides)、圆海链藻(Thalassiosira rotula)、长菱形藻(Nitzschialongissima)、中肋骨条藻(Skelrtonema costatum)、丹麦细柱藻(Leptocylindrus danicus)、尖刺拟菱形藻(Pseudo-nitzschiapungens)。结论进入上海港的外来船舶压舱水中浮游植物物种丰富度较高,初步评估显示外来船舶压舱水的排放对上海港生态影响具有一定风险。

Investigation and risk analysis of Phytoplankton in ballast water of entry ships on Shanghai seaport

Objective To understand the species and invasion risk of the phytoplankton from ballast water samples from entry ships.Methods The phytoplankton from ballast water samples collected from 60 entry ships on Shanghai seaport between 2007 and 2011 were investigated and analyzed.Results A total of 152 taxa belonging 63 genera of 8 phytoplankton phyla(including 60 red tide species) were found.In which,the commen species were Thalassionema nitzschioides、Thalassiosira rotula、Nitzschia longissima、Skelrtonema costatum、Leptocylindrus danicus、Pseudo-nitzschia pungens.Conclusion Obvious is the wide range of phytoplankton species in ballast water of entry vessels on Shanghai seaport.The preliminary results of the assessment is discharge of ballast water from entry ship can pose serious threats to the ecological enoironment of Shanghai port.