北京市东城区高中生心理健康状况及其影响因素分析

目的了解北京市东城区高中生的心理健康现状及其影响因素。方法采用整群随机抽样的方法，抽取北京市东城区4所中学的高中一、二、三年级各2个班，共1118名学生，用中学生心理健康诊断测验（MHT）量表进行测评。结果1．7％的学生存在心理障碍，心理问题以学习焦虑、过敏倾向、躯体症状为多见，其检出率分别为50．8％、19．1％和18．7％。女生MHT全量表分显著高于男生（P〈0．01），重点学校学生显著高于非重点学校学生（P〈0．05），高一、高三学生显著高于高二学生（P〈0．05）。多元逐步回归分析结果表明，性别、身体健康状况、母亲教养方式、自我期望程度、学习压力程度、学习能力自我评价、同学关系、自尊水平、主观幸福感水平是MHT全量表分的影响因素（P〈0．01）。结论高中生心理健康教育刻不容缓，应针对不同群体的特点采取多种形式普及心理健康知识。

An analysis on the mental health of senior high school students and its related factors

Objective To explore the mental health of senior high school students and its related factors.Methods 1118 students in 4 senior high schools in Dongcheng District of Beijing were sampled by random cluster sampling.They were investigated by 4 questionnaires.Results 1.7% of investigated students had mental disorder.The main mental problem was anxiety to study(50.8%),sensitivity(19.1%) and somatization(18.7%).The score of MHT among female students was significantly higher than that among male students(P<0.01). The score of MHT among students of key schools was significantly higher than that among students of ordinary schools(P<0.05).The score of MHT among students of grade one or three was significantly higher than that among students of grade two(P<0.05).The related factors of MHT score were self-worship,study pression,study ability,classmates relationship,general well-being and self-esteem(P<0.01).Conclusion The mental health education should be hold as soon as possible to senior high school students.We should popularize mental health knowledge to students pertinently and variously.