乙型肝炎疫苗免疫效果回顾性评价

目的：对从化市学龄前儿童乙型肝炎疫苗免疫效果进行回顾性分析,为我市制订乙型肝炎免疫策略提供参考数据。方法：通过对从化市1995～2005年学龄前儿童进行乙型肝炎感染的血清学检测,分析从化市学龄前儿童乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原（HBsAg）携带率,结合对从化市学龄前儿童乙型肝炎疫苗接种率等资料进行对比分析,并将当年该市农村学龄前幼儿HBsAg携带率进行比较,用以对从化市学龄前儿童乙型肝炎疫苗免疫效果进行回顾性评价。结果：随着乙型肝炎疫苗免疫接种率的逐年上升,从化市学龄前儿童乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原携带率则逐年下降,学龄前儿童HBsAg携带率由1995年的15.8%下降到2005年的4.5%（P〈0.05）。乙型肝炎保护性抗体（抗-HBs）则逐年上升,由1995年的39.9%升高到2005年的71.3%（P〈0.05）。同一时期内,城区学龄前儿童HBsAg携带率较农村儿童HBsAg携带率明显降低（P〈0.05）。结论：对学龄前儿童进行有组织有计划的乙型肝炎疫苗免疫接种,能够有效地降低学龄前儿童乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原（HBsAg）携带率;城区儿童乙型肝炎疫苗免疫接种率及接种效果均高于农村儿童。加强对乙肝易感人群的有计划的免疫,是降低乙肝感染的有效途径。

Retrospective evaluation about immune effective of hepatitis B vaccine

Objective：To analyse hepatitis B vaccine of preschool children in Conghua city retrospectivly,and provide reference data to the city developed for hepatitis B immunization strategy.Method：Of Conghua city in 1995-2005 for preschool children infected with the hepatitis B serological detection,the data of preschool children hepatitis B virus surface antigen（HBsAg） carriers,combination of Conghua city preschool children hepatitis B vaccination rate data were analyzed,and retrospective evaluation was carried out.Results：With the hepatitis B vaccination rate has increased,Conghua City preschool children HBsAg carried rate has declined each year,HBsAg preschool children from the rate 15.8% in 1995 fell to 4.5% in 2005（P〈0.05）.Protective hepatitis B antibody（anti-HBs） was on the rise every year,39.9% in 1995 increased to 71.3% in 2005（P〈0.05）.The same period,city preschool children HBsAg rate comparing with rural children of HBsAg was significantly lower（P〈0.05）.Conclusion：For pre-school children in an organized and planned for the hepatitis B vaccination,to be effective in lowering preschool children HBsAg carrier rate;city children hepatitis B vaccination and immunization rates are higher than that of rural children.Strengthen susceptible to hepatitis B a planned immunization,hepatitis B infection is to be lower effectivly.